background: natural radiation is constantly present in the environment and is emitted from a variety of natural and artificial sources. it affects human body and environment. materials and methods: the activity concentrations of 238u, 232th and 40k have been determined by gamma ray spectrometer with an hpge detector in sediments of cauvery river, tamilnadu, india. results: the absorbed dose rat...

HEX-programs are an extension of the Answer Set Programming (ASP) paradigm incorporating external means of computation into the declarative programming language through so-called external atoms. Their semantics is defined in terms of minimal models of the Faber-Leone-Pfeifer (FLP) reduct. Developing native solvers for HEX-programs based on an appropriate notion of unfounded sets has been subjec...

Answer-Set Programming (ASP) is an established declarative programming paradigm. However, classical ASP lacks subprogram calls as in procedural programming, and access to external computations (akin to remote procedure calls) in general. This feature is desired for increasing modularity and—assuming proper access in place—(meta-)reasoning over subprogram results. While HEXprograms extend classi...

Background: This study aimed to investigate the radiation hazard indices from sand samples of Ma’rib Governorate in Yemen, where majority oil and gas facilities are installed. Methods Materials: Thirty five desert Yemen were collected tested their by using High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. Results: Based on measurement concentrations 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, radium equivalent activity (Raeq), co...

HEX-programs extend logic programs under the answer set semantics with external computations through external atoms. As reasoning from ground Horn programs with nonmonotonic external atoms of polynomial complexity is already on the second level of the polynomial hierarchy, minimality checking of answer set candidates needs special attention. To this end, we present an approach based on unfounde...

The application of phase change material (PCM) for energy conservation purposes in the residential buildings was investigated in the present study. Two types of building in terms of materials as the lightweight building (LWB) and heavyweight building (HWB) located in a high cooling load demanding region of Iran were considered for the study. Different types of PCM from organic and inorganic cat...

Background: Inspection of the level of radioactivity from radionuclides in soil is important for the assessment of the exposure to natural radiation. Materials and Methods: Ten samples from soil were collected from different sites of Kirkuk-IRAQ and the level of natural radioactivity was measured using gamma-ray spectrometry based on a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. Results: It was foun...