Objective: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficacy closed versus open interlocking nails in treating femur shaft fractures. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study Place and Duration: This was conducted at MTI Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Khyber Teaching duration from 1st March, 2022 31 August, 2022. Methods: involved 108 cases with age 20-72-year had femoral fracture were i...

Stålmarck’s proof procedure is a method of tautology checking that has been used to verify railway interlocking software. Recently, it has been proposed [SS98] that the method has potential to increase the capacity of formal verification tools for hardware. In this paper, we examine this potential in light of an experiment in the opposite direction: the application of symbolic model checking to...

-In a substation, a lot of distributed, safety related functions have to be performed. IEC 61850 is intended to replace all wires by serial communication. To achieve this goal IEC 61850 has to fulfill hard real-time criteria. Starting from the definition of these criteria the communication methods of IEC 61850 are investigated. The result shows the feasibility of these methods for interlocking ...

Arterial pseudoaneurysm formation of the genicular vessels following orthopaedic surgery to the knee is an extremely rare occurrence. Here we report the successful management of two cases as a complication of total knee arthroplasty and a tibial interlocking nail, utilising coil embolisation by interventional radiological techniques and negating the need for further surgery. To our knowledge th...

In the railway domain, an interlocking is the system ensuring a safe train traffic inside a station by controlling its active elements such as the switches or the signals. Modern interlockings are configured using particular data, called application data, reflecting the topology of the station and defining the actions that the interlocking can take. The safety of the train traffic relies thereb...

This paper describes concepts being developed for processing events in a rule-based system, to be deployed in an embedded system that is part of a railway interlocking system, used as a safety-motivated secondary software channel. Events are either status notifications or operator commands, both of which operate on elements in a railway interlocking plant. It is shown that an object-oriented hi...

Pyle’s disease is a rare genetic skeletal disorder also known as Metaphyseal dysplasia. A case of 36 yrs old female with fracture supracondylar femur in Pyle’s disease is presented. She had mild facial dysmorphism, dental malformation & mild genu valgum. Skeletal radiology revealed the characteristic Erlenmeyer flask sign at distal femoral and proximal tibial metaphysis. The fracture supracondy...