No series of analyses, papers, discussions, and books will stop the slaughter in our streets, or children from having children, men beating up women. The role intellectuals is limited; excessive expectations only produce disappointment. But that limited crucial, fears disappointment should not serve as an excuse for continuing along current course. (Rivers, 1995, p. 18) Some 25 years ago, Edwar...

Science and technology of Republican China (1912-1949) often replicated the West in all hierarchies. However, in 1949 when the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) declared the nation the People's Republic of China, it had assumed Soviet pseudo-science, namely neo-Lamarckian and antiMendelian Lysenkoism, which led to intense propaganda campaigns that victimized intellectuals and natural scientists. No...

If academics and intellectuals are to play a meaningful part in addressing the urgent issues that humanity faces in the twenty-first century—those of war and peace, social justice, democracy, cultural diversity, and ecological sustainability—it is incumbent upon us to gain an analytical understanding of globalization as the underlying structural dynamic that drives social, political, economic, ...

In the 1910s, some of Rio de Janeiro's most renowned intellectuals and philanthropists, known as the reformers, launched proposals for offering assistance to the poor, drawn in part from the debate then underway in Europe about alternative ways of fighting poverty. This analysis explores how these reformers received ideas proposed or implemented in Europe and how they adapted them to Brazilian ...

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“INTELLECTUALS . . . SEEK NEITHER TO understand the world nor to change it, but to denounce it,” so wrote Raymond Aron (1983, p. 158) in a damning critique of those who were very much his intellectual kindred. Such a sentiment may at first seem surprising since Aron was, after all, a Marxist scholar and lifelong socialist who felt comfortable with the social welfare states prevalent in postwar ...