The term "Diabetes mellitus" encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by insulin hyposecretion and/or insensitivity. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is thought to have an autosomal recessive inheritance and an autoimmune pathogenesis, exhibited by lymphocytic insulitis. The latter may be triggered by viruses or chemical agents. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) dia...

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) occurs predominantly after the age of 50 years but is not easy to distinguish from late onset insulin-dependent diabetes. It is likely that misclassification is rare in a Caucasian population. Whilst NIDDM is widely believed to be genetically determined, recent epidemiological observations have consistently revealed statistical associations betwee...

Type 1 diabetes is said to be extremely rare in children in India, where diabetes treated with insulin may be due to chronic pancreatic disease or malnutrition. To see whether typical type 1 diabetes occurred in Asian children in the United Kingdom, all known Asian children with diabetes in industrial West Yorkshire were ascertained. A total of 17 such children were studied; of these, seven wer...

Diabetes mellitus, specifically type 2 diabetes, is one of the major public health issues facing the world in the 21st Century. This article summarizes the rapid changes in the management of diabetes and its impact on dental practice. The reader will find many "hyperlinks" to other diabetes information on the Internet throughout this article as these links provide greater detail. The incidence ...

For decades, exercise has been considered a cornerstone of diabetes management, along with diet and medication. However, high-quality evidence on the importance of exercise and fitness in diabetes was lacking until recent years. The last American Diabetes Association (ADA) technical review of exercise and type 2 diabetes (formerly known as non–insulin dependent diabetes) was published in 1990. ...

Asians from the Indian subcontinent have received greater attention in diabetes studies because of their migration in large numbers. The prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in migrant Indians is higher than that in the population residing in the Indian subcontinent and is also usually higher than in the other racial groups in the host country. However, before drawing a...

Women with gestational diabetes are at increased risk of non-insulin dependent diabetes and their babies are at increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. These risks can be reduced by better detection and control of diabetes. Identifying risk factors for gestational diabetes may improve screening programmes. As low birth weight has been related to non-insulin dependent diabetes in elderly p...

G estational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical disorders found in pregnancy. Rates can range from 2 to 10%, and sometimes much higher, depending on the population being tested and the diagnostic criteria being used (1). The prevalence of GDM ultimately reflects the background rate of type 2 diabetes. There has also been an increase in the rate of GDM over the last genera...

with IDDM, a number of these did not differentiate between IDDM and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Of the studies that made the differentiation, many were affected by various potential biases, especially selection biases, as in the case of life insurance enrollees or clinic attendees. One early study that attempted to avoid such bias was a population-based study in Erie County...

INTRODUCTION Little is known about women's views relating to a diagnosis of borderline gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the subsequent management. This study aimed to explore women's experiences after being diagnosed with borderline GDM, their attitudes about treatment, and factors important to them for achieving any lifestyle changes. METHODS We conducted face-to-face, semistructured ...