Weak enforcement of international contracts can substantially reduce international trade. We develop a model where agents build reputations to overcome the difficulties that this institutional failure causes in a context of incomplete information. The model describes the interplay between institutional quality, reputations and the dynamics of international trade. We find that the conditional pr...

Various papers trying to explain institutional quality have come to conflicting conclusions. This paper shows three things: First, openness is positively and pretty robustly associated with institutional quality. To minimize selection bias we use data sets with the greatest cross country coverage, though we also test the significance of the variables for smaller sample sizes. The paper confirms...

The purpose of this study is to examine whether the host country’s institutional quality has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between the offshore R&D strategy in the local environment and firm productivity. In addition, due to the firm’s operating mode in the host country being distinguished as either exploitation-oriented or exploration-oriented, we further examine whether ...

This paper shows that historical variables can explain a significant part of discretionary government spending across countries. We argue that these results provide evidence in favor of Besley and Persson’s (2009) hypothesis that institutional quality or state capacity is historically determined and further that institutional quality determines, in part, economic policy.

The study was carried out with the aim of examining the effect of institutional leadership on the quality of educational provision in higher education institutions in Zimbabwe. The study analysed the indicators determining provision of quality higher education in state and private universities and how they are influenced by institutional leadership. The major techniques used were documentary an...

The best interest of the child should at all times be the primary guiding principle for the experts deciding matters of care. This ought to be implemented when the child is within the family, when the child is removed from the family, placed in institutional care, and when the child leaves the institutional care system. With the aim of contributing to the improvement of institutional care for c...

The perception of childhood as a period of dependence and innocence has a long history. Being strongly associated with the Romantic Movement of eighteenth-century Europe it resonates with more recent Western theories of child development, ideas about child rearing and policies relating to the care and education of children. The advent of a global society, however, demands that we examine and re...

although marianna fotaki’s editorial is helpful and challenging by looking at both the professional and institutional requirements for reinstalling compassion in order to aim for good quality healthcare, the causes that hinder this development remain unexamined. in this commentary, 3 causes are discussed; the boundary between the moral and the political; neoliberalism; and the underdevelopment ...