The formation of hydroxystearic acid (HSA) and ketostearic acid (KSA) from oleic acid transformation has been documented in a variety of microbial species, including several isolated from the rumen of domesticated ruminant species. However, their ruminal production rates have not been established as influenced by fatty acid source. Dosing continuous cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms with...

Gene set enrichment approaches have been increasingly successful in finding signals of recent polygenic selection in the human genome. In this study, we aim at detecting biological pathways affected by positive selection in more ancient human evolutionary history. Focusing on four branches of the primate tree that lead to modern humans, we tested all available protein coding gene trees of the P...

In a previous article, we described our approach to implementation of effective environmental enrichment, which begins with the diagnosis of environmental features to determine how well they meet the behavior and welfare needs of indoor-housed cats. We formulate this diagnosis based on a pertinent history and physical evaluation. A pertinent history allows us to identify features of the cat and...

Short linear motifs (SLiMs) are small protein sequence patterns that mediate a large number of critical protein-protein interactions, involved in processes such as complex formation, signal transduction, localisation and stabilisation. SLiMs show rapid evolutionary dynamics and are frequently the targets of molecular mimicry by pathogens. Identifying enriched sequence patterns due to convergent...

In this paper we propose an algorithm for the bi-level optimal input design involving a parameter-dependent evolution problem. inner cycle control is fixed and parameter optimized in order to minimize cost function that measure discrepancy from some data. outer found now suitable of uncertainty parameters. The uses trust-region reduced basis approximation model with creation enrichment on-the-f...

yersiniosis is a common infection in human and animals. yersinia enterocolitica infection has been associated with a variety of clinical manifestations. this bacterium has been isolated from water, meat, milk environment, animals and so on. our studies have been accomplished about isolation of y. enterocolitica from vegetables such as lettuce, carrot, celery, parsley, tomato, cabbage, radish, m...

a new approach for analyzing cracked problems in 2d orthotropic materials using the well-known element free galerkin method and orthotropic enrichment functions is proposed. the element free galerkin method is a meshfree method which enables discontinuous problems to be modeled efficiently. in this study, element free galerkin is extrinsically enriched by the recently developed crack-tip orthot...

  Performance and capacity of sulfur recovery unit (SRU) are greatly affected by the H2S:CO2 ratio of the acid gas stream. The acid gases in Iran contain around 35 mol% H2S and 60 mol% CO2. This low concentration of H2S calls for more complex sulfur plant, larger equipments, and higher costs. Acid gas enrichment processes (AGE) is run to upgrade low quality acid gas collected from gas treating...