The prevalence of adolescent smoking has been increasing rapidly in China. Expanding adolescent exposure to antismoking messages may be an effective approach to prevent tobacco use among this population. Using a cross-sectional sample of 8,444 high school students in four Chinese cities, this study assessed the relation between self-reported exposure to antismoking messages from families, schoo...

The aim of the Column is to highlight Cochrane systematic reviews of relevance to public health and to stimulate debate on relevance, feasibility, and acceptability. The HIV/AIDS pandemic is affecting all spheres of healthcare. In this issue we discuss the effectiveness of mass media interventions for promoting HIV testing. The Cochrane Collaboration (http://www.cochrane.org) is an internationa...

in order to increase the efficiency of the conveyance of the granular solids, a new experimental set-up is designed. the test rig has longitudinal trapezoidal slots in its conveying pipes. through experimentation, a correlation for friction factor in terms of solid mass flow rate, fluid flow rate and froude number is presented. it is shown that the mixture friction factor for pipes with inner t...

In this paper the significant role of mass media and factors affecting it have been investigated. . Mass media has played an important role in the success of Bangladesh family planning programs. Different mass media are employed to disseminate FP-MCH messages. Evaluation of the impact of mass media exposures on FP-MCH programs would provide new directions and strategy for its effectiveness. In ...

Women are creatures that identical with the symbols of world, as a balancer for entire universe, women is discussed from era to era, Krtayuga present, much debated Kaliyuga era. still especially regard their inner and outer forms. To produce valid reliable data, this research uses qualitative methods. logical article performs several stages data sorting follows: 1). Data reduction, 2). display,...

The inner and middle ear are connected mainly through round and oval windows, and inflammation in the middle ear cavity can spread into the inner ear, which might induce a disturbance. In cases with intractable otitis media, attention should also be paid to symptoms related to the inner ear. In this paper, middle ear inflammation and related inner ear disturbances are reviewed with a focus on r...