A blue tattoo is more resistant to laser therapy than black or brown tattoos. This study aimed to confirm titanium as a key response-disturbing constituent in a blue tattoo ink after Nd-YAG (1064 nm) laser treatment by animal experiments. Rabbits' backs were tattooed with four ink colours, and the Nd-YAG (1064 nm) laser was used to remove the tattoos. The response to the laser treatment in the ...

A combined experimental and computational study of the transfer of transparent index-matched silica-particle inks between two flat plates is presented for gravure printing applications. The influence of printing speed and initial ink droplet size on the ability to accurately transfer ink during the printing process is explored systematically. Smooth interface volume of fluid simulations show th...

I have implemented ink and voice annotations in DENIM, a sketch-based web site design and prototyping tool. I also performed an informal evaluation of the annotation feature with four participants, one of whom was a professional web designer. The evaluation focused on how people use ink and audio annotations to review existing designs of web sites. The participants in the experiment tended to u...

A computer simulation was performed to investigate optimal fourand five-ink sets in order to minimize color inconstancy while maintaining a large color gamut. The effect of including a spectrally-flat black ink on color constancy was explored. The relationship between ink shape and the color constancy of prints was also analyzed. The results show that the ink shape in the middle wavelength regi...

Problem 1. Assume the dimensions of an answer sheet to be 297 mm by 210 mm. Suppose that your pen leaks and makes some non-intersecting ink stains on the answer sheet. It turns out that the area of each ink stain does not exceed 1 mm. Moreover, any line parallel to an edge of the answer sheet intersects at most one ink stain. Prove that the total area of the ink stains is at most 253.5 mm. (You...

This paper presents experimental observations and a theoretical analysis of the operation of drop-on-demand piezoelectric ink jet devices. By studying experimentally the dependence of several operating characteristics on the length of the cavity in the nozzle of an ink jet device, we have gained insight into the physical phenomena underlying the operation of such a device. It is concluded that ...

Background The squid ink extract is well known for its biomedical properties. Objective In this study, squid Loligo vulgaris was collected from Tuticorin costal water, Bay of Bengal, India. Materials and Methods Proximate composition of the crude squid ink was studied and found to have protein as the major component over lipid and carbohydrates. Further, bioactive fractions of squid ink wer...

Spectral prediction models for halftone prints generally assume homogeneously thick and sharply edged ink dots, i.e., bilevel halftones. In real prints, the ink thickness often decreases at the boundaries of the ink dots, thereby forming continuous-level halftones. The present study aims at verifying to what extent the classical Clapper-Yule and Yule-Nielsen models are able to predict the refle...

In this study, the modulation transfer functions of prints, which included both mechanical and optical dot gain effects were measured from samples printed by an ink jet printer on glossy-coated, matt-coated and uncoated papers. The MTF of prints were measured from sinusoidal patterns and Fourier transforms of line spread functions from one-pixel line and step images. The MTF of print from three...

A spectral-based six-color printer model was derived in determining the six color separations for an input spectral image that yields the least metameric reproduction relative to the original. Confined by the ink-trapping limitation, the six-color halftone printer modeling effort is a union of ten four-color halftone printer modeling efforts in addition to a four-ink selector. The four-ink sele...