Probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) which plays a crucial role in risk evaluation is a quantitative approach intended to demonstrate how a nuclear reactor meets the safety margins as part of the licensing process. Despite PSA merits, some shortcomings associated with the final results exist. Conventional PSA uses crisp values to represent the failure probabilities of basic events. This causes...

Silks are frequently a cause of concern for conservators and curators. Amongst other critical challenges, textile acidity is considered to pose a risk. Consequently, it is common practice to carry out pH measurements when assessing condition. Enhanced acidity is usually ascribed to previous processing treatments, adsorbed pollutants, and oxidative deterioration. However, the results of the deta...

OBJECTIVE Prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) providers report anxiety as the second most common contributor to paediatric patient safety events. The objective of this study was to understand how EMS providers perceive the effect of stress and anxiety on paediatric out-of-hospital patient safety. SETTING This was a nationwide study of EMS providers from 44 of 50 (88%) US states. PA...

Safety-critical and safety-related systems are becoming more highly integrated and continue to increase in complexity. In parallel with this, certification standards for such systems are becoming more stringent, requiring more extensive and more detailed analyses. Safety cases, therefore, are themselves growing in size and complexity and are becoming increasingly costly to produce. It has becom...

The high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) is a graphite moderated, helium cooled reactor with ceramiccoated fuel particles (TRISO fuel particles). The HTGR is inherently safe and expected to be applied to various industrial fields such as electric generation, hydrogen production, etc. with high efficiencies. It is also recognized as a representative advanced nuclear system for the future. ...