biological efficacy of trichoderma species may differ due to variations in ecosystems. this study was conducted to assess the biocontrol efficacy of some native trichoderma isolates against fusarium oxysporum, an important causal agent of potato wilt disease under laboratory and greenhouse conditions in shahrood agricultural research center, shahrood, iran during 2006-2007. fourteen isolates we...

In trypsin-treated spinach chloroplasts there is no linear electron flow from water to potassium ferricyanide. The chlorophyll aII reaction, however, is still active but insensitive to 3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea. From this we conclude that ferricyanide and trypsin together stimulate a mini-cycle in photosystem II.

Iron deficiency is considered as a common problem facing the general world population. In current research, experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of aqueous extracts Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic, GA), Spinacia oleracea (spinach), Zea mays (corn), and Capsicum annuum (red chili pepper) on iron ferritin levels in rats. Vitamin C fructose first estimated these plants by using High-Performan...

In the present study, impact of tannery and other industrial effluents on the physico-chemical characteristics of loamy drain water and their consequent impact on soil and plants irrigated with effluent have been studied. The study reveals most of the parameter pH, BOD5 and COD at sampling station I was higher than station II. Waste water quality at both Stations I and II exceeded prescribed li...

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., 2n = 2x = 12) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide and one of the healthiest vegetables due to its high concentrations of nutrients and minerals. The objective of this research was to conduct genetic diversity and population structure analysis of a collection of world-wide spinach genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. Gen...

Rubisco activase is an AAA(+) protein, a superfamily with members that use a "Sensor 2" domain for substrate recognition. To determine whether the analogous domain of activase is involved in recognition of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco, EC 4.1.1.39), two chimeric activases were constructed, interchanging a Sensor 2-containing region between activases from spinach and ...

Betaine is an important natural component of rich food sources, especially spinach. Rats were fed diets with betaine or spinach powder at the same level of betaine for 10 days to investigate the dose-dependent effects of spinach powder supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) addition and choline deprivation. The GAA-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in rats fed ...

The consumption of fresh produce is increasing due to its role in promoting a healthy and balanced diet. However, this trend accompanied by increased foodborne disease cases associated with pathogens such as Escherichia, Listeria, Salmonella. Previous studies provided evidence that the internalization may be potential contamination route pose public health risk. This study investigates combinat...

Greenhouse pot culture studies were conducted to evaluate the bioremediation potential of spinach for removal of cadmium. The results indicated that spinach was able to take up cadmium in substantial quantity in the shoot. There were no visual cadmium toxicity effects on spinach and no significant reduction in the dry matter yield up to 20 μg g cadmium. Significant growth retardation of fenugre...

The acaricidal efficacy of afoxolaner (NexGard(®), Merial) was evaluated against Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis in a field efficacy study, when administered orally at a minimum dose of 2.5 mg/kg to dogs naturally infested with the mites. Twenty mixed-breed dogs of either sex (6 males and 14 females), aged over 6 months and weighing 4-18 kg, were studied in this randomised controlled field efficac...