Broad-spectrum inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) constrain Toll-like receptor (TLR)-inducible production of key proinflammatory mediators. Here we investigated HDAC-dependent inflammatory responses in mouse macrophages. Of the classical Hdacs, Hdac7 was expressed at elevated levels in inflammatory macrophages (thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages) as compared with bone marrow...

Conditional expression of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to knock down target genes is a powerful tool to study gene function. The most common inducible expression systems are based on tetracycline-regulated RNA polymerase III promoters. During the last years, several tetracycline-inducible U6 and H1 promoter variants have been reported in different experimental settings showing variable efficienc...

human alpha 1-antitrypsin (aat) cdna was obtained from hepg2 cell lines. after pcr and construction of expression vector ppiczα-aat, human aat was expressed in the yeast pichia pastoris (p.pastoris) in a secretary manner and under the control of inducible alcohol oxidase 1 (aox1) promoter. the amount of aat protein in medium was measured as 60 mg/l 72 hr after induction with methanol. results i...

Heat-inducible gene expression vectors are useful for hyperthermia-induced cancer gene therapy, because the combination of hyperthermia and gene therapy can considerably improve the therapeutic effects. In the present study, we developed an enhanced heat-inducible transgene expression system in which a heat-shock protein (HSP) promoter and tetracycline-responsive transactivator were combined. W...

We hypothesized that PU.1 and PU.1 interacting proteins (PIP) binding to the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) promoter is involved in endotoxin-induced upregulation of TLR4 gene expression. Our results employing chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicate that PU.1 binds to the murine TLR4 promoter both in macrophage cells and, most importantly, in whole lung tissue. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells w...

A primitive example of adaptation in gene expression is the balance between the rate of synthesis and degradation of cellular RNA, which allows rapid responses to environmental signals. Here, we investigate how multidrug efflux pump systems mediate the dynamics of a simple drug-inducible system in response to a steady level of inducer. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we measured in...

The chemokine CCL23 is primarily expressed in cells of the myeloid lineage but little information about its regulation is available. In this study, it is demonstrated that IL-4 and IL-13 induced CCL23 expression in human peripheral blood monocytes. GM-CSF had no effect on its own but synergized with IL-4, but not IL-13. CCL23 promoter reporter gene constructs were sensitive to IL-4 stimulation ...

Melanoma cells commonly express MHC class II molecules constitutively. This is a rare, or possibly unique, phenotype for a nonprofessional antigen-presenting cell, where MHC class II expression ordinarily occurs only after IFN-gamma treatment. Despite the fact that constitutive expression of MHC class II on melanoma cells has been observed for decades and that the regulation of the MHC class II...

The human alkaline phosphatases constitute a multigene family with at least four members. Placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is of particular interest because it is frequently present in tumors, where it serves as a marker of malignant transformation. Moreover, its expression is highly inducible by differentiating agents such as sodium butyrate. In the present study we have examined the...