Two organ culture models have been adapted for porcine tracheae in order to study colonization by Bordetella bronchiseptica. Rings or segments excised from tracheae of newborn piglets were incubated overnight at 37 degrees C in a nutrient medium under 5% CO2-95% air conditions. Tracheal segments were infected with B bronchiseptica 276, and after different incubation times, bacterial counts were...

Sir,—I read with interest the article entitled "Trachea! rupture after tracheal intubation" by Regragui, Fagan and Natrajan [1]. The authors described the anaesthetic management of a patient with a distal tracheal tear. The trachea was intubated initially with an 8-mm tracheal rube under bronchoscopic guidance with the distal end of the tube above the tracheal tear. After right rhoracotomy was ...

BACKGROUND Desflurane at more than 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) has been shown to prolong the QT interval, but it is unclear whether this is the case at lower concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine whether desflurane concentrations of <1 MAC affect tracheal intubation-induced prolongation of the QT interval. METHODS Forty-four subjects received either inspired desflu...

OBJECTIVE To assess whether dynamically modulating endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure, by decreasing it during each ventilatory cycle instead of maintaining a constant level, would reduce the extent of intubation-related laryngotracheal injury. DESIGN Single-blind, randomized controlled animal study using a previously validated live porcine model of accelerated intubation-related tracheal ...

Inhaled bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) induce an acute tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α-) dependent inflammatory response in the murine airways mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) via the myeloid differentiation MyD88 adaptor protein pathway. However, the contractile response of the bronchial smooth muscle and the role of endogenous TNFα in this process have been elusive. We determ...

The mechanisms of histamine- and bradykinin-induced reflex bronchospasm were determined in anesthetized guinea pigs. With intravenous administration, both autacoids evoked dose-dependent increases in tracheal cholinergic tone. Vagotomy or atropine prevented these tracheal reflexes. When delivered as an aerosol, bradykinin readily increased tracheal cholinergic tone, whereas histamine aerosols w...

In three groups of 10 patients, we have studied the effect on the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation of bolus doses of saline or trimetaphan 0.05 mg kg-1 or 0.1 mg kg-1 given 1.75 min before the start of laryngoscopy. Anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone 5 mg kg-1 i.v. and tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.2 mg kg-1. During anaesthesia, ventilation w...

OBJECTIVES To explore the role of Oct3/4, Nanog and Sox2 in regeneration of rat tracheal epithelium. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ex vivo model of rat tracheal epithelial regeneration using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was developed, to induce injury. Expression levels of Oct3/4, Nanog and Sox2 were examined using Western blot analysis, RT-PCR or microscopically observed immunofluorescence, and cell mor...