BACKGROUND: The under-5 mortality rate in Ethiopia is 118/1000. A child in Ethiopia is 30 times more likely to die before age 5 than a child in Western Europe. Children are the most vulnerable segment of the population, but many of the ailments that cause death in this population can be avoided by completion of routine childhood vaccination. METHODS: Data regarding child health from the Demogra...

OBJECTIVE To compare perinatal risks and outcomes in foreign- and U.S.-born Asian-Indian and Mexican women. STUDY DESIGN We evaluated 6.4 million U.S. vital records for births during 1995-2000 to white, foreign- and U.S.-born Asian-Indian and Mexican women. Risks and outcomes were compared by use of chi2 and logistic regression. RESULTS With the exception of increased teen pregnancy and tob...

, number 6 , December 2016 :e 20162548 The adverse effects of poverty on health have been well documented. In response, pediatric clinicians have become increasingly focused on mitigating these effects on children’s health. 1 In March 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released the first-ever policy statement on poverty, calling for pediatricians to screen and address poverty and re...

The high level of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa has led to an increased interest in understanding the determinants of sexual activity among young people, who are at high risk of sexually transmitted infections. The present study examined sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors associated with heterosexual activity among a sample of 3556 male and female high-school students ...

background the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer are high among filipino women. the lack of knowledge on preventive behavior and early detection related to breast cancer is considered a reason. conclusions women who were aware of risk factors for breast cancer possessed a higher education level and had knowledge of the association of risk factors with preventive behaviors and early...

The toxicity of lead has been appreciated for centuries. Lead is a commonly used metal in industrialized nations, which results in the release of lead into the environment. Governmental agencies regulate the amount of lead permissible for workers to be exposed to; however, unregulated environmental lead exposure is a high concern. While essential metals have physiologic roles, there are no heal...

Area-based strategies have been widely employed in efforts to improve population health and take action on social determinants of health (SDH) and health inequities, including in urban areas where many of the social, economic and environmental factors converge to influence health. Increasingly, these factors are recognized as being part of a complex system, where population health outcomes are ...

AIMS To identify sociodemographic and occupational determinants of knee related disability discharge from the US Army among enlisted women, and to investigate effect modification. METHODS A case-control study of 692 cases of knee related disability discharge and 2080 incidence density matched controls nested within the population of all 244 000 enlisted women on active duty in the US Army, 19...