The available mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data do not point to clear genetic relationships between current Tuscans and the Bronze-Age inhabitants of Tuscany, the Etruscans. To understand how and when such a genetic discontinuity may have arisen, we extracted and typed the mtDNAs of 27 medieval Tuscans from an initial sample of 61, spanning a period between the 10th and 15th century AD. We then te...

The Bronze Age in Britain was a time of major social and cultural changes, reflected in the division of the landscape into field systems and the establishment of new belief systems and ritual practices. Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain these changes, and assessment of many of them is dependent on the availability of detailed palaeoenvironmental data from the sites concerned. Thi...

BACKGROUND Skiing and snowboarding have become increasingly popular since the inception of the winter X-Games in 1997. PURPOSE To determine (1) rate of return to sport (RTS) to the winter X-Games following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and (2) performance upon RTS following ACL reconstruction. HYPOTHESES There is a high rate of RTS to the winter X-Games in subjects undergo...

Coins of Armenian king Tigranes the Great clearly reveal a star with a tail on the royal tiara which may be associated with the Halley's passage of 87 BC. Tigranes II the Great (95-55 BC) had made Armenia one of powerful kingdoms in Western Asia, extending from the Caucasus to the eastern Mediterranean. The economical needs and the expansion of the empire resulted in diverse silver and copper-b...

This study aims to investigate the corrosion characteristics of bronze artifacts according lead contents by conducting a comprehensive analysis on layers and products focusing excavated ternary alloys with various chemical compositions.</br>From research outcome, selective corrosion, high-tin layers, compounds were identified in two artifacts, there was difference structure core metal bet...

Most ancient specimens contain very low levels of endogenous DNA, precluding the shotgun sequencing of many interesting samples because of cost. Ancient DNA (aDNA) libraries often contain <1% endogenous DNA, with the majority of sequencing capacity taken up by environmental DNA. Here we present a capture-based method for enriching the endogenous component of aDNA sequencing libraries. By using ...