abstract target-oriented approaches to translation studies are regarded as recent theories of translation. one of the most famous theories among these approaches is descriptive translation studies presented by toury (1995). this theory gives a new dimension to translation studies and gives importance to the descriptive rather than prescriptive studies. it also identifies three sets of transla...

  In recent decade, many researches has been done on job shop scheduling problem with sequence dependent setup times (SDSJSP), but with respect to the knowledge of authors in very few of them the assumption of existing inseparable setup has been considered. Also, in attracted metaheuristic algorithms to this problem the Particle Swarm Optimization has not been considered. In this paper, the ISD...

The present article reviews the current position of the etiology of mental disorders in the clinical medicine. To study the contribution of the known factors such as genetic, physical, chemical, and stress factors on the pathogenesis and etiology of mental disorders, most acceptable evidences were gathered. A part of these evidences comes from author's own work. In despite of presence of a rich...

Fractal analyzing of continuous processes have recently emerged in literatures in various domains. Existence of long memory in many processes including financial time series have been evidenced via different methodologies in many literatures in past decade, which has inspired many recent literatures on quantifying the fractional Brownian motion (fBm) characteristics of financial time series. Th...

Tremendous technologic movements in recent decade have inspired a novel thinking in the need for hospital beds. This thinking is significantly reflected in the physical structure of hospitals, the ratio of building space to the bed, all area of the hospital from the viewpoint of hospitalization beds, extending the spaces related to the identification wards, outpatient operation wards and new w...

1.1 introduction “i see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. a good translation is like a pane of glass. you only notice that it’s there when there are little imperfections- scratches, bubbles. ideally, there shouldn’t be any. it should never call attention to itself.” “norman shapiro” (venuti, 1995:1) edward fitzgerald is the br...