The flourishing synergy arising between organized crimes and the Internet has increased the insecurity of the digital world. How hackers frame their actions? What factors encourage and energize their behavior? These are very important but highly underresearched questions. We draw upon literatures on psychology, economics, international relation and warfare to propose a framework that addresses ...

Crime supply functions are reestimated in this paper using data corrected for victim underreporting. It is found in both a meanvariance specification and a conventional crime supply function which includes measures of the offender's gains and losses involved in property crimes that certainty and severity of punishment still deter. When correction for underreporting is made, the effects on the r...

Our study is based on the traditional Becker-Ehrlich deterrence model, but we analyze the model in the face of currently discussed factors of crime like demographic changes, youth unemployment, and income inequality. We use a panel of the German Laender (states) that allows us to exploit different experiences in densely and sparsely populated areas as well as areas in East and West Germany. Our...

1 Crimes related to computer security 1.1 Types of computer crimes • Damages to computer programs or files • Theft of hardware, software • View or manipulate the content that the intruder is not supposed to see. 1.2 Four types of ethical issues [1] • Privacy: The policy of which information could be required to divulge, be public, or be kept strictly private. • Accuracy: Misinformation could mi...

Despite some ambiguous periods in Russia’s history, its record in affirming the foundations of humanism in international relations is unquestionable. The new democratic Russia, which is faithful to traditions of humanism and mercy, is making strong efforts to defend victims of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The experience of the international community in combating genocide,...

background: although, the roots of criminal behaviours clearly lie in social, economic, and cultural factors, the in­crease criminal offences in urban settings has raised the issue of prevention through urban environmental health, plan­ning and design. methods: the approach of the study was based on the scientific research methodology and indicators were compiled from observations and comparati...

We investigate the relationships between gun ownership and murders, reported rapes, and robberies. We proxy gun ownership by the number of subscriptions to the gun magazine Handguns Magazine and accommodate the count nature of our data by analyzing them with a multivariate Poisson-lognormal model. For most of our analyses, we find that the correlation between today’s number of guns and future c...