background: to control avian coccidiosis with drug-independent strategy effec-tively and safely, multivalent hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin (igy) was prepared and its ability to protect against eimeria tenella infection was evaluated. methods: hens were orally immunized with live oocysts of 5 species of eimeria for six times, antibody titers in serum and yolk were monitored by indirect enz...

BACKGROUND Immunization rate is one of the best public health outcome and service indicators of the last 100 years. Parental decisions regarding immunization are very important to improve immunization rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between parental knowledge-practices (KP) and children's immunization completeness. METHODS A mixed method has been utilized in this s...

Bulan Imunisasi Anak Nasional or BIAN is an Health Ministry of Republic Indonesia program that aims to enhance the children’s health by immunize them with a mass Complete Immunization and Follow-Up in especially for children did not have yet since pandemic 2020. Bandung City which included West Java Province has lowest coverage among other City/Districts Java. This research aimed figure out wha...

The National Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) and its immunization schedule cover the basic minimum immunization needs of all infants in the country. The IAP endorses and fully supports them. When parents are able and willing to pay the cost additional doses of certain UTP vaccines and selected additional vaccines against certain diseases of public health importance, are recommended by IA...

conclusions based on our study, in vivo prepared e/sa may be considered as a good candidate for animal immunization. results our results showed that the serum levels of anti-e/sa immunoglobulins significantly increased in all of the immunized groups. the differences of the serum levels of tgf-β between the groups were statistically significant at days 28 and 56 after immunization with e/sa. bac...

Partially purified antigenic fractions of Leishmania major promastigotes were obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE) and electro-elution. Three isolated protein fractions designated as frac‌tions (Fr.) 1, 2, and 3 correspond to 40-60, 60-80, 80-100 kilodalton (kDa) respectively. They were used for immunization of BALB/c mice against Leishmaniasis. The effects of these fractions on immune...

During 1946-2005, vaccine-preventable diseases were the topic of approximately 20% of all epidemic-assistance investigations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Both in the United States and abroad, current and former Epidemic Intelligence Service officers have played a critical role in describing the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases, contributing to development of im...

OBJECTIVE To examine childhood immunization levels relative to the number of family physicians, pediatricians, and public health nurses in Ontario. DESIGN Retrospective comparative analysis of publicly available data on immunization coverage levels and the relative number of family physicians, pediatricians, and public health nurses. SETTING Ontario. PARTICIPANTS Seven-year-old children, ...