To date, transplant arteriosclerosis (TA), the histologic counterpart of chronic transplant dysfunction, is the most important problem in clinical organ transplantation. Recently we showed in rats that intrathymic (IT) immune modulation substantially prolonged graft survival of MHC-incompatible, heterotopic vascularized cardiac allografts. Although acute rejection was prevented, eventually TA w...

Friend leukemia virus (FLV) erythroleukemic cells cultured in medium containing FLV-immune serum from dormant FLV-infected mice undergo modulation of FLV cell surface antigens. Modulation was determined by an increased resistance to FLV antibody-mediated complement-dependent lysis and was associated temporally with the capping of FLV-immune complexes at the cell surface. Modulated cells regaine...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic auto-immune disease. most therapeutic strategies for treatment of this disease direct immune modulation and control of inflammatory processes. first-line therapeutic agents showed moderate efficacy and frequent side-effects with moderate efficacy in trials. their parental administration and limited long-term adherence restrict their efficacy compared with se...

A recent study illustrates an exciting new element of bacteria-host interactions in which the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing signal molecule can modulate the host immune system. In this paper, on the basic of a model which describes the competition between bacteria and immune system, a mathematical model is proposed to investigate the modulation of quorum sensing s...

Purpose Targeting cancer cells by modulating the immune system has become an important new therapeutic option in many different malignancies. Inhibition of CTLA4/B7 and PD1/PDL1 signaling is now also being investigated and already successfully applied to various hematologic malignancies. Methods A literature review of PubMed and results of our own studies were compiled in order to give a comp...

The modulation of immune response by using Ayurvedic herbal medications as a possible therapeutic measure has now become a subject of scientific investigation. The concept in modern scientific understanding would mean enhancement of immune responsiveness of an organism against a pathogen by nonspecifically activating the immune system using immunomodulatory agents of plant origin. It is now bei...

The endocannabinoid system represents a potential therapeutic target in sepsis due to the presence of cannabinoid receptors (CB2) on immune cells. In this review we discuss how various targets within the endocannabinoid system can be manipulated to treat the immune consequences of sepsis. One of the targets outlined are the endocannabinoid receptors and modulation of their activity through phar...