An all-purpose approach to immobilize ionic liquids onto solid supports is proposed by chemical grafting on a polyelectrolyte carrier.

Characterisation of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) is of outmost importance for the assessment of the potential risks arising from their extensive use. NMs display indeed a large variety of physico-chemical properties that drastically affect their interaction with biological systems. Among them, hydrophobicity is an important property that is nevertheless only slightly covered by the current ph...

Bacterial Cellulose (BC) was used as a carrier for Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization. The immobilization method included two steps: adsorption and incubation. In the adsorption step, initial cell concentration in the yeast suspension and immobilization time were optimized by Face Centered Central Composite Design (FCCCD) for maximizing cell immobilization yield. In the incubation step, in...

OBJECTIVE Current guidelines recommend cervical spine immobilization during orotracheal intubation when traumatic injury is suspected in infants. We evaluated the effect of cervical spine immobilization techniques on orotracheal intubation performance with a high-fidelity infant simulator. METHODS A randomized control study with repeated measurement. Nonanesthesia pediatric practitioners cert...

A postal questionnaire was sent to all consultants and specialist trainees in the West Midlands about the use of spinal boards in the accident and emergency (A&E) department. Response rate was 70%. There was widespread use of boards in A&E despite an ATLS recommendation to the contrary. Hospitals should review their policies on use of spinal boards within the department, using the evidence avai...

The immobilization of biological molecules onto polymeric membranes to produce biofunctional membranes is used for selective catalysis, separation, analysis, and artificial organs. Normally, random immobilization of enzymes onto polymeric membranes leads to dramatic reduction in activity due to chemical reactions involved in enzyme immobilization, multiple-point binding, etc., and the extent of...

BACKGROUND Cast immobilization induces mechanical hypersensitivity, which disturbs rehabilitation. Although vibration therapy can reduce various types of pain, whether vibration reduces immobilization-induced hypersensitivity remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of vibration therapy on immobilization-induced hypersensit...

During recent decades, the use of enzymes or chemoenzymatic cascades for organic chemistry has gained much importance in fundamental and industrial research. Moreover, several enzymatic reactions have also served green sustainable manufacturing processes especially fine chemicals, pharmaceutical, flavor/fragrance industries. Unfortunately, only a few been applied at scale because low stabilitie...

OBJECTIVES Joint immobilization has previously been shown to modulate corticospinal excitability. The present study investigated changes in the excitability of distinct fractions of the corticospinal pathway by means of conditioning the H-reflex with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (Hcond). This method allows assessment of transmission in fast (monosynaptic) ...

Protein immobilization on surfaces, and on lipid bilayers specifically, has great potential in biomolecular and biotechnological research. Of current special interest is the immobilization of proteins using supramolecular noncovalent interactions. This allows for a reversible immobilization and obviates the use of harsh ligation conditions that could denature fragile proteins. In the work prese...