A range of heterocycles, namely thiazoles, imidazoles, imidazopyridines, thiazolidines and dimethoxyindoles, have been synthesised directly from alkenes via a two-step ketoidoination/cyclisation protocol. The alkene starting materials are themselves readily accessible using many different and well-established approaches, and allow access to a variety of heterocycles with excellent yields and re...

A series of 2-alkylsulfanyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-aminopyridin-4-yl)-substituted imidazoles was prepared and interaction possibilities of the 2-thioether moiety with phosphate/ribose binding pockets of p38 MAP kinase were investigated. Introduction of the alkyl/benzyl amino function at the pyridine moiety was carried out via nucleophilic substitution or via palladium catalyzed aryl-C-N-bond f...

The ruthenium(II)-catalyzed ortho-C–H arylation of 2-aroyl-imidazoles with aryl bromides and chloride is reported. An imidazole ring functions both as a masked ester directing group for C–H activation. A variety functional groups are tolerated under the reaction conditions. arylated final products could be easily converted into corresponding esters amide.

While investigating the role of p38 MAPK in regulating melanogenesis, we found that pyridinyl imidazole inhibitors class compounds as well as the analog compound SB202474, which does not inhibit p38 MAPK, suppressed both α-MSH-induced melanogenesis and spontaneous melanin synthesis. In this study, we demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of the pyridinyl imidazoles correlates with inhibitio...

A simple highly versatile and efficient sonochemical synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted and 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles is achieved by condensation of 1,2-dicarbonyl compound, aldehyde, ammonium acetate and primary amine using antimony trichloride immobilized on silica gel (SiO2-OSbCl2) as a catalyst in ethanol at moderate temperature. Operational simplicity, practicability and applicabi...

Imidazole is a planar, five membered heteroaromatic molecule with pyrrole type and pyridine type annular nitrogens. Several approaches are available of imidazoles from alpha halo ketones, aminonitrile, aldehyde ect. Reactivity of imidazole and benzimidazole is referred from sets of  resonance structure in which the dipolar contributors have finite importance. Imidazoles among the principal grou...