This paper aims to present a survey of Abduh's extensive influence on Islamic reform (tajdid) in the Indo-Malay Archipelago, which often called Nusantara. Muhammad Abduh had remarkable and lasting impact religious thought movement His works ideas were influential political social landscape. He strongly impacted movements Muhammadiyah, al-Irsyad, Persatuan Islam (Persis), Sarekat Islam. Tafsir a...

one of the most important and enduring questions in the sphere of political thought is the kind of the relationship between ethics and politics. the outcome of such a debate has led to the formation and development of different perspectives. while some scholars believe that there is a practical paradox between exercising effective political power and observing ethical principles, others assume ...

This paper deals with the study of impact Shiism on Arabic literature in general, and Fatimid particular. It treats issue of)al-Zahir al-Batin(in Holy Qur’an or what is called esoteric interpretation. The writers exerted more attention paid their effort employing Qur’anic verses through interpretation, goal that was to get Imamate Caliphate, it utmost motivation for right Ali bin Abi Talib his ...