conclusions the current study showed significant association between the rosenberg self-esteem test results and smoking, and illegal drug abuse like heroin, pills, alcohol, nas, and other substances. therefore, increasing self-esteem is essential for preventing the adolescents’ emotional and behavioral disorders. this fact could guide us to the new approaches for smoking and drug-abuse preventi...

Two recent incidents point to divergent perspectives in governmental drug policies among Western European countries that have implications for the United States. A report in August 2002 by the Council of Europe’s narcotics monitoring Pompidou Group has stated that Oslo Norway is first among 42 European cities in the seizures of illicit drugs as well as deaths caused by the illegal substances.Ye...

The relationships between violence, drug use, and victimization were examined in a representative sample of American adolescents. The commonly used illegal drugs (marijuana, amyl/butyl nitrites, psychedelics, amphetamines, and cocaine) and alcohol were considered. Drug users, compared to nonusers, fought more, took more risks which predisposed them to assault, and were assaulted more both at sc...

Past research has established two important geographic principles concerning the retail sales of illegal drugs: (1) illegal drug markets tend to be spatially concentrated, and (2) the location and marketing characteristics of these markets will vary depending on whether the customers are local or regional. The present research will build on these principles and determine whether the location of...

Modern day computer graphics are capable of generating highly photorealistic images resulting in challenging legal situations. For example, as a result of a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court ruling, computer generated child pornography is protected speech, while pornographic photographs depicting an actual child remains illegal. The ability to distinguish between protected and illegal material assumes th...

Every classical or virtual knot is equivalent to the unknot via a sequence of extended Reidemeister moves and the so-called forbidden moves. The minimum number of forbidden moves necessary to unknot a given knot is an invariant we call the forbidden number. We relate the forbidden number to several known invariants, and calculate bounds for some classes of virtual knots.

A 12-year medicolegal investigation of deceased illegal drug users (ILDU) in Stockholm, Sweden, classified on the basis of postmortem chemical tests, showed noticeable variations in causes and manners of death as well as in the distribution of suicide methods. This study offers objective information about connection between the postmortem findings of illegal drugs and the causes and manners of ...

The absence of non-destructive inspection techniques for illicit drugs hidden in mail envelopes has resulted in such drugs being smuggled across international borders freely. We have developed a novel basic technology for terahertz imaging, which allows detection and identification of drugs concealed in envelopes, by introducing the component spatial pattern analysis. The spatial distributions ...

Surely the Howard Government is ‘tough on drugs’! The Prime Minister has used this very phrase repeatedly, unambiguously and emphatically to describe his government’s approach to illicit drugs. Also, Mr Howard has often described his personal attitude to illegal drugs as ‘zero tolerance’. After a 6:3 majority of the Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy supported a scientific trial of prescripti...

Residues of Veterinary drugs are one of the major problems for food contamination. Veterinary drugs residues usually accumulate in the liver or kidney rather than other tissues. Fenbendazole is an anthelmintic frequently used in farm animals to treat parasitic infestations in pig [1]. The most likely reasons for Fenbendazole residues may result from human management, such as improper usage, inc...