This paper studies the oo-line wavelength assignment problem in star and ring networks that deploy multiple bers between nodes and use Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) for transmission. The results in this paper show that the ability to switch between bers increases wavelength utility. In particular, sharper per-ber bounds on the number of required wavelengths are derived for the multiibe...

The settlem ent o f the class action sex discrim ination suit against the University received tentative court approval yesterday. C ourt docum ents confirm ed ear­ lier reports that the term s o f the proposed settlem ent include tenu r­ ing D elores Frese, form er assistant professor o f English and prinicipal planliff in the suit, and granting her back pay from Sept. 1, 1980. Although U.S. D ...

We present a computer-oriented method of producing pictures of Bers embeddings of the Teichmüller space of once-punctured tori. The coordinate plane is chosen in such a way that the accessory parameter is hidden in the relative position of the origin. Our algorithm consists of two steps. To each point in the coordinate plane, we first compute the corresponding monodromy representation by numeri...

In this letter a recursive and computationally efficient new formula for bit error rate (BER) in multipath channels with several specular components is derived. Using Jensen’s inequality it is shown that one specular component, Rice fading, provides the lowest possible BER. Using Lagrange multipliers to solve a constrained optimization problem, it is further shown that for two specular componen...

Micro-polluted water, which is widespread in rural areas, poses a serious health risk. To address this issue, we propose three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor with triple-layer particle electrodes (TL-BERs) for the decentralized and small-scale treatment of micro-polluted water. The first second layers electrode, granular activated carbon (GAC) biological ceramsite (BC), respectively, are...

We consider the physical layer security (PLS) of multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output visible light communication (VLC) systems with an eavesdropper (Eve) and propose a novel spatial constellation design technique based on generalized space shift keying (MU-GSSK-SCD). The received signals legitimate users are optimized jointly, such that their bit error ratios (BERs) minimized Eve's B...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic-tolerant bacterial persistence prevents treatment shortening in drug-susceptible tuberculosis, and accumulation of intracellular lipid bodies has been proposed to identify a persister phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells. In Malawi, we modeled bacillary elimination rates (BERs) from sputum cultures and calculated the percentage of lipid body-positive acid-fast bac...