In the first part of this paper taken-for-granted hypotheses in linguistic diversity are presented. In the second part the two constellations of globalized ideologies are described constituting paradigms that these hypotheses illustrate: competition and solidarity. In the third part, a condensed version of emerging globalized concerns is given. Sociolinguistics and anthropological linguistics a...

Conscientious objection (CO) is the refusal to obey laws due to moral, religious or belief principles. The ideologies or religions underlying laws or constitutions have been seldom analyzed. Scientific Ethics finds that constitutions and laws have implicit or explicit ideological elements that are imposed on citizens, and denies or forbids others that lead citizens to CO. Ideological analysis i...

Abstract This article explores the gender dimension of ideology and representation by analysing political parties that ran in 2019 Polish parliamentary elections, using a novel analytical framework based on claims gender-related policy pledges. demonstrates left liberal largely determines feminist pro-LGBTQ+ promissory representation. However, ideologies right-wing vary their traditional types ...