For the past decade, manufacturing Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) have suffered from targeted attacks against their physical system and control integrity, resulting in financial material losses. Among protective answers to this malicious threat, Anomaly Detection (ADS) based on behavioral models of ICS are highly regarded for ability detect zero-day attacks. However, design accurate non-obso...

Entitled: Transient release of dopamine in response to rewarding stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Psychology) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. _________20___ ______Brian Lewis___________________________ Dean...

Predicting reward is essential in learning approach behaviors. Dopaminergic activity has been implicated in reward, movement, and cognitive processes, all essential elements in learning. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) receives converging inputs from corticolimbic information-processing areas and from mesolimbic dopamine neurons originating in the ventral tegmental area. Previously, we reported tha...

BACKGROUND The frequent use of corticosteroid inhalers (CSIs), especially at higher doses, has been accompanied by concern about both systemic and local adverse reactions. The local adverse reactions of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are considered to constitute infrequent and minor problems. However, while not usually serious, these local adverse reactions are of clinical importance. This stud...

RATIONALE It was recently demonstrated that the priming stimulation effect (PSE) in the runway model of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) can be used as a model system to study the motivational effects of drugs. However, the characteristics of this novel experimental model have not been fully clarified. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the involvement of dopamine uptake inhibition in motivated behav...

We report differential cross sections (DCSs) and integral cross sections (ICSs) for electron-impact vibrational-excitation of pyrimidine, at incident electron energies in the range 15-50 eV. The scattered electron angular range for the DCS measurements was 15°-90°. The measurements at the DCS-level are the first to be reported for vibrational-excitation in pyrimidine via electron impact, while ...

The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) plays a key role in the treatment of asthmatic patients, and international guidelines have designated ICSs as an early maintenance therapy in controlling asthma symptoms. When asthmatic patients remain symptomatic on ICSs, one common option is to add a long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) to the maintenance treatment. Fixed combination inhalers that contain...

Asthma is a complex disease of the respiratory tract associated with chronic inflammation in which an intricate network of cells and cellular factors plays a major role. Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases, with an estimated 300 million cases worldwide, imposing a considerable burden on society in morbidity, quality of life, and healthcare costs. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) for...

Synopsis These two studies, one from the Czech Republic (N = 150) and the other multinational (the International Carotid Stenting Study [ICSS]; N = 1,700), compared CEA with carotid artery stenting. The investigators used comparable methods (concealed allocation, only outcome assessors were blinded) and recruited adults with carotid stenosis. The Czech researchers evaluated patients with at lea...

Deep Learning is emerging as an effective technique to detect sophisticated cyber-attacks targeting Industrial Control Systems (ICSs). The conventional approach detection in literature learn the "normal" behaviour of system, be then able label noteworthy deviations from it anomalies. However, during operations, ICSs inevitably and continuously evolve their behaviour, due e.g., replacement devic...