This paper addresses the existence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve for China, using a sample of 30 regions, covering the period 1982–1997. The types of pollution included are wastewater, waste gas, and solid waste. We consider the development of the sources of pollution in a pooled cross-section analysis with pollution in absolute levels, in per capita terms, and relative to real Gross Region...

For the purpose of diminishing the growing impact of energy use on the environment and providing policy focus in China, this study decomposes impact factors of energy-related CO2 emissions into nine parts using various economic methods, typically using the extended stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) model to incorporate necessary factors and ridg...

4 Emission inequality across countries and the contribution of the energy mix and the sectoral 5 composition of a country’s energy use are of central importance to the climate debate. We 6 analyze the evolution of inequality in global CO2 per capita emissions using both historical 7 data on energy-related CO2 emissions and future emission scenarios generated with the 8 integrated assessment mod...

BACKGROUND Increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) lower the content of zinc and other nutrients in important food crops. Zinc deficiency is currently responsible for large burdens of disease globally, and the populations who are at highest risk of zinc deficiency also receive most of their dietary zinc from crops. By modelling dietary intake of bioavailable zinc for the p...

There is a long-standing debate on the relationship between economic development and environmental quality. From a sustainable development viewpoint there has been a growing concern that the economic expansion of the world economy will cause irreparable damage to our planet. In the last few years several studies have appeared dealing with the relationship between the scale of economic activity ...

Studies analyzing the environmental impacts of economic growth and considering nexus between stages development remain popular since 90s. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis suggests that there is an inverted-U-shape relationship per capita income damage to environment. Within vast EKC literature, various variables may have impact on pollution were included in models. However, stud...

Recent literature on the health impacts of CO2 emissions suggests a variety factors that may establish more robust link. However, no previous study has explored role research and development (R&D) in explaining nexus between outcomes. Using data for Saudi Arabia over period 2000–2018, this paper investigates ability R&D (expenditures environmentally related R&D) to reduce incidence population o...

Meeting the commitments made in the Paris Agreement on climate change will require different approaches in different countries. However, a common feature in many contexts relates to the continued and sometimes increasing significance of the carbon footprints of urban centres. These footprints consider both production or territorial (i.e. Scope 1 and 2) emissions, and consumption or extraterrito...

one of the current challenges and complications in the world is the climate change and global warming, which has numerous and varied effects and consequences in different regions. in this regard, the effects of economic activities on the increase in greenhouse gases and also the effects of greenhouse gases on economic activities have become increasingly controversial. in this study, an investig...