The kinetics of cellulose decomposition in ionic liquid was investigated using microcrystalline cellulose as a raw material. Curve fitting of cellulose degradation kinetic data was carried out by MATLAB. Experimental results demonstrated that the cellulose decomposition rate constant, k1, was less than the constant for glucose decomposition to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5HMF), k2, in the ionic li...

Reaction conditions for the reducing-end-specific derivatization of cellulose substrates with the fluorogenic compound, anthranilic acid, have been established. Hydrolysis of fluorescence-labelled celluloses by cellobiohydrolase Cel7A from Trichoderma reesei was consistent with the active-site titration kinetics (burst kinetics), which allowed the quantification of the processivity of the enzym...

Cellulose is a major industrial biopolymer in the forest products, textile, and chemical industries. It also forms a large portion of the biomass useful in the generation of energy. Moreover, cellulose-based biomass is a renewable energy source that can be used for the generation of ethanol as a fuel. Cellulose is synthesized by a variety of living organisms, including plants, algae, bacteria, ...

Cellulose and cellulose acetate/Fe2TiO5 nanocomposites have been synthesized successfully. Nanocomposites indicate a ferromagnetic paramagneticbehavior, as evidenced by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) atroom temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) respectively, to characterize,diagnosis, mo...

The "parallel-up" packing in cellulose Ialpha and Ibeta unit cells was experimentally demonstrated by a combination of direct-staining the reducing ends of cellulose chains and microdiffraction-tilting electron crystallographic analysis. Microdiffraction investigation of nascent bacterial cellulose microfibrils showed that the reducing end of the growing cellulose chains points away from the ba...

In this study, total 80 typical Miscanthus accessions were examined with diverse lignocellulose features, including cellulose crystallinity (CrI), degree of polymerization (DP), and mole number (MN). Correlation analysis revealed that the crude cellulose CrI and MN, as well as crystalline cellulose DP, displayed significantly negative influence on biomass enzymatic digestibility under pretreatm...

A second cellulose synthase gene (acsAII) coding for a 175-kDa polypeptide that is similar in size and sequence to the acsAB gene product has been identified in Acetobacter xylinum AY201. Evidence for the presence of this gene was obtained during analysis of A. xylinum mutants in which the acsAB gene was disrupted (I.M. Saxena, K. Kudlicka, K. Okuda, and R.M. Brown, Jr., J. Bacteriol. 176:5735-...

Cellulose may be quickly dissolved in a NaOH complex solvent (NaOH/urea/thiourea/H2O). A detailed investigation on the effects of solvent composition and temperature on cellulose solubility has been presented. Optical microscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) were used to study the process of dissolution. The highest solubility of cellulose was recorded in NaOH/urea/thiourea/H2O with a...

High-grade cellulose (97% α-cellulose content) of 48% crystallinity index was extracted from the renewable marine biomass waste Posidonia oceanica using H₂O₂ and organic peracids following an environmentally friendly and chlorine-free process. This cellulose appeared as a new high-grade cellulose of waste origin quite similar to the high-grade cellulose extracted from more noble starting materi...