BACKGROUND Hyponatremia has emerged as an important cause of race-related death and life-threatening illness among marathon runners. We studied a cohort of marathon runners to estimate the incidence of hyponatremia and to identify the principal risk factors. METHODS Participants in the 2002 Boston Marathon were recruited one or two days before the race. Subjects completed a survey describing ...

BACKGROUND Baseline hyponatremia predicts acute mortality following pulmonary embolism (PE). The natural history of serum sodium levels after PE and the relevance to acute and long-term mortality after the PE is unknown. METHODS Clinical details of all patients (n = 1023) admitted to a tertiary institution from 2000-2007 with acute PE were retrieved retrospectively. Serum sodium results from ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Both hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) are common and harmful in hospitalized patients. However, their combined effects on patient mortality have been little studied. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 19191 adult patients who were admitted for 1 year. Pre-existing hyponatremia was defined as a serum sodium level < 135 mmol/L on the first measurement of the...

OBJECTIVE Hyponatremia is one of the most frequently encountered electrolyte disorder in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. It was shown that some SCLC cell lines could produce atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and arginine vasopressin (AVP). The aim of the study was to assess the secretion of ANP, AVP and their relative contributions to hyponatremia in SCLC patients, especially in patients...

Despite being the most common electrolyte disturbance encountered in clinical practice, the diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia (defined as a serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L) remains far from optimal. This is extremely troubling because not only is hyponatremia associated with increased morbidity, length of hospital stay and hospital resource use, but it has also been shown to be ass...

OBJECTIVES Hypotonic fluids are widely used in pediatrics. Several articles have reported the risk of iatrogenic hyponatremia secondary to this practice. We primarily intend to determine whether the use of isotonic fluids prevents hyponatremia and, secondly, whether these fluids increase the incidence of adverse events. STUDY DESIGN One hundred twenty-two pediatric patients hospitalized in in...

BACKGROUND There are no reports on hyponatremia and acute kidney injury (AKI) involved in the course of HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The main objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of hyponatremia and its relationship with AKI and mortality in HIV-related toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with HIV-related TE....

INTRODUCTION Hyponatremia in the intensive care unit (ICU) is most commonly related to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Fluid restriction is difficult to apply in these patients. We wanted to report the treatment of hyponatremia with urea in these patients. METHODS Two groups of patients are reported. The first one is represented by a retrospective study of 50 consecut...

Cyclophosphamide is commonly used in the treatment of malignant diseases. Symptomatic severe hyponatremia induced by low-dose cyclophosphamide is very uncommon worldwide. We report a case of severe symptomatic hyponatremia that developed in a female breast cancer patient following the first cycle of chemotherapy containing low-dose cyclophosphamide. Her laboratory test showed serum Na of 112 mm...

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance seen in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, occurring in one-third to one-half of patients. Hyponatremia may be caused by cerebral salt wasting and by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone or a combination of both. Limited data are available describing hyponatremia treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage ...