Despite the universal prescription of sedative drugs in the intensive care unit (ICU), current practice is not guided by high-level evidence. Landmark sedation trials have made significant contributions to our understanding of the problems associated with ICU sedation and have promoted changes to current practice. We identified challenges and limitations of clinical trials which reduced the gen...

The function of melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland primarily at night, has not been definitively established in humans. To determine if pharmacologic doses of melatonin had any behavioral effects it was administered acutely to 14 healthy men. Their mood, performance, memory and visual sensitivity were assessed. Plasma melatonin concentration was assayed as well. Melatonin signifi...

1. Azaperone is a neuroleptic sedative belonging to the class of butyrophenones. In veterinary medicine it is only used in pigs for a wide variety of indications (e.g. anti-agressiveness, obstetrics, stress, sedation and anaesthesia). Azaperone is available as a 4% injectable solution to be given strictly by a single, deep intramuscular injection at usual recommended doses ranging from 0.4 to 2...

Introduction: Bispectral Index is an objective tool to assess electroencephalographic activity and measure the effect of certain sedatives and hypnotics on the brain. In addition, there are certain subjective tools such as the observer's assessment of alertness and sedation which are used. The correlation between BIS and the concentration of propofol in the brain, and the relationship between t...

Much interest has been focused on the use of midazolam (Versed~Roche Laboratories of Hoffman LaRoche, Nutley, NJ) for conscious sedation in pediatric dentistry. The drug has been used as a preanesthetic sedative in adults and more recently in children. However, studies are lacking concerning its use in pediatric dentistry. The purpose of this paper is to review the pharmacokinetics of midazolam...

Midazolam given orally the night before and on the morning of operation had a distinct subjective pre-operative sedative effect as compared with placebo. Patients receiving midazolam also experienced less apprehension and excitement before surgery, but in relation to quality of sleep, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentrati...

THE demand for a Soneryl suppository of greater strength than the existing 3-grain product has led to the introduction of a new packing:-5 x 10-grain suppositories. Soneryl has proved of outstanding value in conditions necessitating the administration of a hypnotic and sedative. In rapidity of action and of elimination it approaches the ideal qualifications required in a preparation of this nat...

OBJECTIVES In light of the need to develop an integrated database on poisoning incidents in Korea, this study seeks to determine the characteristics of poisoning incidents in Korea by age, gender, location of incident, causative substance and patient prognosis. DATA SOURCES The Korea National Hospital Discharge In-Depth Injury Survey results (2005-2009) from the Korea Centers for Disease Cont...

The clinical picture of the catarrhal child is one which is unfortunately too well known to need minute description, although careful consideration of the disease process is an essential if thWere is to be any advance in our therapeutic efforts to relieve or cure the child of its symptoms. Up to date, therapy has been disjointed, haphazard and not too successful although it is agreed by many cl...

INRODUCTION Bispectral Index is an objective tool to assess electroencephalographic activity and measure the effect of certain sedatives and hypnotics on the brain. In addition, there are certain subjective tools such as the observer's assessment of alertness and sedation which are used. The correlation between BIS and the concentration of propofol in the brain, and the relationship between the...