To achieve both accumulator pressure regulation and generator power tracking for a Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) system, a nonlinear controller designed base on an energy based Lyapunov function. The control inputs for the storage system are the pump/motor displacements inside the hydraulic transformer and the liquid piston air compressor/expander. While the pump/motor inside the liquid ...

To counteract a potential reduction in grid stability caused by rapidly growing share of intermittent renewable energy sources within our electrical grids, large scale deployment storage will become indispensable. Pumped hydro is widely regarded as the most cost-effective option for this. However, its application traditionally limited to certain topographic features. Expanding operating range l...

The title complex, [Ni(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)][Ni(CN)(4)]·C(4)H(8)O·H(2)O, consists of a cationic [Ni(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](2+) unit, an anionic [Ni(CN)(4)](2-) unit, one uncoordinated water and one tetra-hydro-furan mol-ecule. In the cationic unit, the Ni(2+) atom is coordinated by four N atoms and two O atoms from two 1,10-phenanthroline ligands and two water mol-ecules in a disto...

The hydro-chloride salt of isonicotinamide, C6H7N2O(+)·Cl(-), has been synthesized from a dilute solution of hydro-chloric acid in aceto-nitrile. The compound displays monoclinic symmetry (space group C2/c) at 150 K, similar to the related hydro-chloride salt of nicotinamide. The asymmetric unit contains one protonated isonicotinamide mol-ecule and a chloride anion. An array of hydrogen-bonding...

The title compound, C(18)H(16)O(2), was prepared by reduction of 2-(5,6,7,8-tetra-hydro-2-naphtho-yl)benzoic acid with zinc dust. The benzene ring in the tetra-hydro-naphthyl substituent is nearly perpendicular to the plane of the isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one ring [87.15 (4)°]. The cyclo-hexane unit has a half-chair conformation in which two methylene groups in the tetra-methyl-ene bridge are disord...

Abstract A larger part of the electricity is today from intermittent renewable sources energy. However, energy production such varies in time. Energy storage one solution to compensate for this variation. Today pumped hydro (PHS) most common form storage. Usually, it requires a large head, which limits where can be built. In EU project ALPHEUS, PHS technologies low- ultra-low heads are explored...

We present a calibrated unit commitment dispatch model of the GB electricity market applied to an economic analysis four existing hydro pumped storage (PS) stations in GB. More variable renewable (VRE) increases PS profit by amount dependent on generation mix. With large share coal, 1 percentage point (p.p) increase VRE total average 2.3 p.p. more flexible system, achieve similar profitability,...

The heavy electrical power draw of electric arc furnaces (EAF) proposes them as prime candidates for economically viable decentralized grid operation, provided they are able to operate efficiently and flexibly in response and in anticipation of fluctuations in price and local renewable energy availability. For this purpose, we consider a hypothetical industrial micro-grid consisting of a wind p...

In the present paper, numerical modeling of an innovative latent thermal energy storage unit, suitable for direct integration into condenser or evaporator a heat pump is presented. The Modelica language, in Dymola environment, and TIL libraries were used development modular model, which easily re-usable adaptable to different configurations. Validation model was carried out using experimental d...