Large, conglomerate caves in north-eastern Iberia have been significant places since the Neolithic through to historical times; however, their significance during Palaeolithic has barely explored. This project is first systematic study of use these iconic geological landmarks among Pleistocene hunter-gatherers.

Recent increases in archaeobotanical evidence offer insights into the processes of plant domestication and agricultural origins, which evolved in parallel in several world regions. Many different crop species underwent convergent evolution and acquired domestication syndrome traits. For a growing number of seed crop species, these traits can be quantified by proxy from archaeological evidence, ...

Recently, it has become commonplace to interpret major transitions and other patterns in the Palaeolithic archaeological record in terms of population size. Increases in cultural complexity are claimed to result from increases in population size; decreases in cultural complexity are suggested to be due to decreases in population size; and periods of no change are attributed to low numbers or fr...

1. A Conceptual Framework for Analysis 2. Cultural Monism and Spiritual Balance 2.1. North American Hunter-Gatherers 2.2. Australian Aborigines 2.3. Practical Effects of Hunter-Gatherer Conservation 2.4. Sacred Sites and Conservation 3. Traditional Ecological Knowledge 3.1. The Collapse of the Cod Fishery 3.2. Cultural Effects of the Collapse 3.3. TEK and New Ecological Thinking 4. Slash and Bu...

The Atlantic coast of north-west France is one the classic shell-midden regions European Mesolithic, made famous by excavations Téviec and Hoedic in first half 20th century. At this time, there was a lack interest food refuse component shell middens. By end 1990s new study methods techniques had also contributed to better description varied activities these coastal populations. In France, have ...

Underground storage organs (USOs) serve as a staple source of carbohydrates for many hunter-gatherer societies and they feature prominently in discussions of diets of early modern humans. While the way of life of hunter-gatherers in South Africa's Cape no longer exists, there is extensive ethnographic, historical, and archaeological evidence of hunter-gatherers' use of USOs. This is to be expec...

17 The human gut microbiome is influenced by its host's nutrition and health status, and represents 18 an interesting adaptive phenotype under the influence of metabolic and immune constraints. 19 Previous studies contrasting rural populations in developing countries to urban industrialized 20 ones have shown that geography is an important factor associated with the gut microbiome; 21 however, ...