with the rapid emergence of 3d applications and virtual environments in computer systems; the need for a new type of interaction device arises. this is because the traditional devices such as mouse, keyboard, and joystick become inefficient and cumbersome within these virtual environments. in other words, evolution of user interfaces shapes the change in the human-computer interaction (hci). in...

the formal study of human error is relatively recent, especially in medical domain, and is tied closely to a several other relatively new fields. organizational root cause of human error is less considered. despite growing social, industrial and scientific interest in the organizational causes of incidents, the concept of organizational failure and related tools are still less considered in man...

the recognition of seasonal patterns in infectious disease occurrence dates back at least as far as the hippocratic era, but the mechanisms underlying these fluctuations remain poorly understood. many classes of mechanistic hypotheses have been proposed to explain seasonality of various directly transmitted diseases, including at least the following; human activity, seasonal variability in huma...

influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by the influenza a or b virus. it often occurs in outbreaks and epidemics worldwide, mainly during the winter season. significant numbers of influenza virus particles are present in the respiratory secretions of infected persons, so infection can be transmitted by sneezing and coughing via large particle droplets. the mean duration of influenza v...

b a ckground: anaplasmosis is an important issue for animal breeders in terms of economic losses as well as a health concern to human. ticks are considered as the main vector of this disease. lack of documented information about anap lasma species in iran was the scope of this study to determine the population of ticks and the presence of anap lasma in ticks, domestic ruminants and also human b...

background: hemophilia a and b are the most frequent congenital coagulation disorders. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatitis b, c and human immunodeficiency viruses among hemophilic patients in hamadan, iran. patients and methods: in this study, patients with hemophilia a and b treated in hamedan hemophilia center, hamedan, iran, were screened for hepatitis b, c and ...

malaysia is affected by moderate environmental disasters but seldom affected by severe disaster. cameron highland mud floods 2013, hulu langat landslide 2011, tsunami 2004 and highland tower 1993 are some of environmental disaster in malaysia. some of these disasters carry heavy price tags as property and lives are damaged beyond full compensation and repair and health effects as well. this pap...

on the continuation of sorting the puzzle of the situation of hydatid disease in iran and considering that so far no survey was conducted in this context in arak city, markazi province central iran, the present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human hydatidosis using agb-elisa test.totally 578 serum samples randomly were collected from patients referred to hospitals and di...

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with uncertain etiology. for many years, viruses have been suspected as causative agents. there are conflicting reports about the possible role of viruses such as human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) and retroviruses in the pathogenesis of the sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. we conducted a prospective case-control study to ...