S mall employers have particular disadvantages as purchasers of health insurance.They often are not well informed about the insurance options available to them because, unlike large employers, they do not have specialized staff to manage their employee benefit programs. Small business owners, who usually make decisions about insurance for their firms, typically have little time or expertise to ...

BACKGROUND In the Netherlands, primary out-of-hours (OOH) care is provided by large scale General Practitioner (GP) cooperatives. GP cooperatives can be contacted by patients living in the area surrounding the GP cooperative (catchment area) at hours when the patient's own general practice is closed. The frequency of primary OOH care use substantially differs between GP cooperative catchment ar...

autonomy in rural production cooperatives is one of the most important structural changes that influenced by government policies, specially happened in recent decades and in turn affect their performance. but there is ambiguity in the current performance of autonomous cooperatives, in order to be objective and stability. this study was conducted in the hamadan province. the purpose of the resea...

The plan for the NHS in Scotland mapped out in the white paper Designed to Care shares common values and goals with the plans for England and Wales. The organisational structures proposed to underpin Scotland’s strategy for the health service (box) are, however, substantively different from those proposed for England and Wales. Primary care trusts are new statutory organisations scheduled to go...

Based on Buyback agreement of Stackelberg Game, this article analyzed the impact of sharing buyback cost for optimal production and different choices of supermarkets and farmer professional cooperatives in distribution model and direct model for agricultural-super docking supply chain in china. At the same time, this article designed a buyback agreement model and explores the nature of buyback ...