Monitoring fine particulate matter with diameters of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a critical endeavor in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region, which is one of the most polluted areas in China. Polar orbit satellites are limited by observation frequency, which is insufficient for understanding PM2.5 evolution. As a geostationary satellite, Himawari-8 can obtain hourly optical depths (AODs) and ...

This study analyzes real wage cyclicality for male full-time workers within employer-employee matches in Germany over the period 1984–2004. Five different wage measures are compared: the standard hourly wage rate; hourly wage earnings including overtime and bonus pay; the effective wage, which takes into account unpaid overtime; and monthly earnings, with and without additional pay. None of the...

piezoelectric microcantilevers (mcs) are a new generation of microbeams used in atomic force microscopes (afms). due to their miniaturization of afms as well as their increased imaging precision and speed, these mcs are more popular than their classical counterparts. given the widespread application of these beams in nanoparticle topography, analysis of their vibrating motion has attracted much...

A one-year series of hourly average PM10 observations, which was obtained from the urban and national park air monitoring station at Taipei (Taiwan), was analyzed by descriptive statistics and fractal methods to examine the temporal structures of PM10 concentrations. It was found that all PM10 measurements exhibited the characteristic right-skewed unimodal frequency distribution and long-term m...

Projected changes to rainfall patterns may exacerbate existing risks posed by flooding. Furthermore, increased surface runoff from agricultural land increases pollution through nutrient losses. Agricultural systems are complex because they managed in individual fields, and it is impractical provide resources monitor their water fluxes. In this respect, modelling provides an inexpensive tool for...

pricing of network services, charging for network services, QoS pricing, DiffServ, performance modeling This paper describes a control mechanism for Internet traffic. It is an economic mechanism that enables users to choose different price/QoS priority levels for network services at the user time scale. User time scale means that prices vary at a rate suitable for human beings to respond to tho...

Although detrimental associations of sitting time and health indicators have been observed in young adults, evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms is lacking. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that the acute cardiometabolic effects of prolonged sitting can be compensated by hourly interruptions to sitting in healthy, young adults. Additionally, leg muscle activation during sitting ...