Abstract The US government has set a target of reducing CO2 emissions by 20% below the 2005 targets by the year 2020. Literature review reveals that residential buildings contribute over 20% of the total emissions mainly used for space heating, cooling, water heating and lighting. In hot humid climates, the concern is mainly for cooling and hot water that account for over 50% of the total resid...

background: sunlight is the main source of vitamin d; therefore, environmental factors might have an important role in the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis d in children. this study aimed to assess the vitamin d status according to the climate of the living area in a nationally representative sample of iranian adolescents. material and methods: this nationwide cross-sectional survey was perfo...

Hot-humid areas have long, hot summers and poor outdoor thermal comfort (OTC). The urban heat island (UHI) effect exacerbates the deterioration of OTC in hot-humid areas, seriously affecting safety children’s activities. In this study, 60 scenes were simulated using ENVI-met based on different leaf area index (LAI) planting arrangements to explore how tree LAI affect small-scale environment dur...