An increasing number of companies and organisations have started to outsource their data storage. Although the potential of future investments in data centers is prosperous, sustainability is an increasingly important factor. It is important to make sure that the server racks in data centers are sufficiently cooled whereas too much forced cooling leads to economical losses and a waste of energy...

In traditional raised-floor data center design with hot aisle and cold aisle separation, the cooling efficiency suffers from recirculation resulting from the mixing of cool air from the Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) units and the hot exhaust air exiting from the back of the server racks. To minimize recirculation and hence increase cooling efficiency, hot aisle containment has been empl...

Human observers easily recognize complex natural phenomena, such as flowing water, which often generate highly chaotic dynamic arrays of light on the retina. It has not been clarified how the visual system discerns the source of a fluid flow. Here we show that the magnitude of image deformation caused by light refraction is a critical factor for the visual system to determine the perceptual cat...

In this paper, a comparison of exergetic models between two hot air engines (a Gamma type Stirling prototype having a maximum output mechanical power of 500 W and an Ericsson hot air engine with a maximum power of 300 W) is made. Referring to previous energetic analyses, exergetic models are set up in order to quantify the exergy destruction and efficiencies in each type of engine. The repartit...

BACKGROUND The current typical drying methods for red ginseng are sun drying and hot-air drying. The purpose of this study was to investigate drying characteristics of red ginseng by using far-infrared drying. METHODS The far-infrared drying tests on red ginseng were conducted at two drying stages: (1) high temperature for 24 h drying and (2) low temperature drying until the final moisture co...

A multi-functional heat-pump system is proposed to efficiently utilize the gray water as heat source and sink for heating and cooling of residential buildings, respectively. Heat is reclaimed from the plate heat exchanger installed at the outlet of the compressor to provide sufficient hot water for residential use. To study the performance of this innovative system, laboratory testing is perfor...

Vaulted or domed roofs have been frequently adopted by builders and architects throughout the Middle East and other hot dry areas. However, the thermal performance of such buildings under hot dry climatic conditions has rarely been quantitatively studied. In this paper, a detailed finite element model for the investigation of the thermal performance of non air-conditioned buildings with vaulted...

INTRODUCTION Hot-air balloon tours are FAR Part 91-governed balloon rides conducted for compensation or hire. Part 91, General Aviation, in general involves the least strict federal regulations and accounts for the majority of aviation crashes and fatalities. METHODS National Transportation Safety Board reports of hot-air balloon tour crashes in the United States from 2000 through 2011 were r...