The mechanisms that mediate the cardioprotective action of steroid hormones in postmenopausal women are poorly understood. To study the inter-relationship between female steroid hormones and cardiac natriuretic peptides, plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured in postmenopausal women, both before and after oestrogen replacement therapy...

Studies suggest that when the lower-potency estrogen, estriol, is administered topically, it does not increase the risk of hormone-dependent cancers of the breast or endometrium (uterine lining).1-3 However, having weaker estrogenic effects does not mean that estriol has none of the benefits that come with more potent estrogens. Studies suggest that estriol reduces symptoms of menopause, such a...

possible explanation for these findings would be a regional variation in the incidence of mental illness, particularly among men. Alternatively, the explanation could be sociological, although the factor(s) involved will differ from those associated with inner city deprivation. Certainly, the conventional view of the rural idyll in the Scottish highlands-of contentment and freedom from stress-d...

OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to confirm the elevation of vaginal pH expected in patients with bacterial pathogens in premenopausal women and to examine the relationship of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels to vaginal pH in menopausal patients without and with hormone replacement therapy. STUDY DESIGN Vaginal pH was determined by phenaphthazine (Nitrazine) pH paper in 253 pa...

INTRODUCTION Osseointegration of dental implants with the maxillary and/or mandibular bone is the basis for implant prosthetic treatment. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the patients' gender, age, and in the case of women, their menopausal status (before menopause/after menopause/during hormone replacement therapy) on the osseointegration of dental implants. MATERIAL AND M...

BACKGROUND Several case reports have suggested that women's use of exogenous sex hormones is associated with acute pancreatitis; however, relevant epidemiologic data are sparse. We examined the association between postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy and risk of acute pancreatitis. METHODS We conducted a prospective study involving 31,494 postmenopausal women (aged 48-83 yr) from the po...

The primary purpose of this six-week survey study of women currently taking compounded bioidentical hormone replacement therapy was to determine if compounded bioidentical hormone replacement therapy relieves symptoms of menopause and is well tolerated. The secondary purpose of this study was to compare the symptom relief and tolerability of compounded bioidentical hormone replacement therapy t...

Hormone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Events T he matter regarding hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular events has been the subject of multiple publications. While observational studies depicted a protection from coronary events in patients receiving hormone replacement therapy, recent randomized trials have failed to show that promising evidence.1 The Heart and Estrogen/Prog...

The authors evaluated the risk of venous thromboembolism associated with hormone replacement therapy in a cohort of 265,431 women aged 45-79 years who did not have major risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Through review of hospital charts, 171 cases were confirmed (pulmonary embolism = 77; deep venous thrombosis = 94). Ten thousand controls were randomly sampled. The risk of venous thromb...

there are numerous, often contradictory reports on the effect of growth hormone (gh) therapy on thyroid function. these reports prompted us to evaluate the impact of gh therapy on thyroid function in previously euthyroid children with gh deficiency. twenty five clinically and biochemically euthyroid children with gh deficiency were studied. a thyroid profile (t4, free t4, t3 and tsh) was perfor...