for detecting the crowding of texture are both at play. Disentangling the two will be an interesting challenge. One promising line, as Durgin [8] suggests, will be to look for dissociations between number and texture perception. Manuela Piazza, Stanislas Dehaene and Marco Zorzi (personal communication) have shown that dyscalculic individuals have higher Weber fraction for number discrimination ...

In the last decade, the use of phylogenetic networks to analyze the evolution of species whose past is likely to include reticulation events, such as horizontal gene transfer or hybridization, has gained popularity among evolutionary biologists. Nevertheless, the evolution of a particular gene can generally be described without reticulation events and therefore be represented by a phylogenetic ...

About half of the monophasic horizontal cells in carp retina receive input from both red- and green-sensitive cones. Since the horizontal cells feed back to cones, the color and feedback pathways result in wavelength- and intensity-dependent changes of the dynamics and of the receptive field amplitude profile of the horizontal cell responses. In this paper we present a quantitative model that d...

In this work, the melting process of compounds containing nanoparticles of NePCM in a square hole with different angles affected by two pairs of well-spring heat source on horizontal walls was numerically investigated. Four different configurations of elements were employed to investigate the effect of changes in the position of elements on the horizontal walls of the well-spring landscape on t...

purpose: compaison of excyclotorsion induced by horizontal transposition of vertical rectus muscles versus vertical transposition of horizontal rectus muscles in rabbit eyes. methods: in this exprimental study, group 1 underwent full tendon nasal transposition of the superior rectus and full tendon temporal transposition of the inferior rectus (10 adult rabbits); group 2 underwent superior tran...

We analyse the geometry of generic Minkowski $\mathcal{N}=1$, $D=4$ flux compactifications in string theory, default backgrounds for model building. In M-theory they are natural theoretic extensions $\mathrm{G}_2$ holonomy manifolds. type II theories, extend notion Calabi--Yau and include class based on generalised complex structures first considered by Gra\~na et al. (GMPT). Using $\mathrm{E}_...

The resiliency and adaptive ability of microbial life in real time on Earth relies heavily upon horizontal gene transfer. Based on that knowledge, how likely is earth based microbial life to colonize extraterrestrial targets such as Mars? To address this question, we consider manned and unmanned space exploration, the resident microbiota that is likely to inhabit those vehicles, the adaptive po...

We conducted a nationwide surveillance of the variable 5' emm-like (M-like protein gene) sequences from 214 pharyngeal group C and group G streptococci. Almost 75% of the isolates exhibited emm or emm-like sequences previously described. We identified six new 5' emm-like regions, and almost 23% of the isolates were nontypeable. Five emm-like sequences accounted for more than 50% of the isolates...

In conventional supervised learning, one searches for "vertical" patterns, connecting inputs directly to outputs. One can instead search for "horizontal" patterns, which go across the learning set, connecting one part of it with another. One way to do this is to pre-process the learning problem before feeding it to a conventional generalizer (like backpropagation). This pre-processing technique...