Abstract Anisotropies exist in many sedimentary rocks, particularly naturally fractured reservoirs, causing horizontal stress anisotropies. Case studies indicate that when a rock formation contains high dip-angle fractures or factures (e.g. bedding planes), it has very distinguished stresses. In these cases, the conventional isotropic method for estimating stresses may give erroneous results. U...

Introduction: Large volcanic edifices on Venus constitute a primary expression of the thermal evolution of that planet. Over 150 volcanic edifices with diameters > 100 km are distributed heterogeneously over the surface of Venus [1-4]. They are characterized by extensive radially oriented lava flow aprons and generally shallow flank slopes. The compositions of the lava flows that build such str...

The Campo de Dalías, located between the central and eastern Betic Cordilleras, shows an evolution determined by the overprinting of two main stress fields since Pliocene times. The first of these develops hybrid and tensional joint sets up to Pleistocene (100 000 yr) and is characterized by NNW–SSE horizontal trend of compression and an ENE–WSW horizontal extension. The second stress field has...

A form-finding method is proposed for free-form shells specifying the distribution of stresses projected to horizontal plane. The surface shape obtained as a solution linear system vertical equilibrium equations discretized by finite difference with respect heights at grid points. Distribution shear stress specified generate various shapes region negative Gaussian curvature and free boundary. E...

The first consistent model for the turbulent tachocline is presented, with the turbulent diffusivity computed within the model instead of being specified arbitrarily. For the origin of the 3D turbulence a new mechanism is proposed. Owing to the strongly stable stratification, the mean radial shear is stable, while the horizontal shear is expected to drive predominantly horizontal, quasi-2D moti...

A spectacular example of columnar-jointed basalt occurs at Svartifoss in the Vatnajökull National Park of southern Iceland. The columns are notable for a variety of features on the vertical joint surfaces and the horizontal parting surfaces. The jointed surfaces of the columns display horizontal striations at a spacing of centimeters to decimeters. The individual striations exhibit crescentic h...

The flow generated by heat convection in a long, vertical channel is studied by means of particle imagery velocimetry techniques, with the help of the thermal measurements from a previous paper (Gibert et al 2009 Phys. Fluids 21 035109). We analyse the mean velocity profiles and the Reynolds stresses, and compare the present results with the previous ones obtained in a larger cell and at a larg...

Transcription factors play a key role to enable plants to cope with abiotic stresses. DREB2 regulates the expression of several stress-inducible genes and constitutes major hubs in the water stress signalling webs. We cloned and characterized a novel gene encoding the FpDREB2A transcription factor from Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and a yeast activity assay confirmed its DRE binding and transcriptio...

THE PELVIC RING IS STRESSED BY EXTERNAL FORCES by partial body weight, by ligament tension, and by muscles forces stabilizing the hip joints. For the symphysis ossis pubis there exist data concerning the type and magnitude of stresses. In one-leg-standing pressure, shear forces are predominant, and in both-leg-standing tensile forces are acting on the pelvic ring. Rupture of the symphysis is pr...