PURPOSE The parapapillary gamma zone has been defined as the parapapillary region without Bruch's membrane. We examined which morphologic parameters are associated with the presence and size of the parapapillary gamma zone. METHODS Using fundus photographs and spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic images of the optic nerve head in the population-based Beijing Eye Study, we determined ...

BACKGROUND In light of an increasing global focus on health system strengthening and integration of vertical programmes within health systems, methods and tools are required to examine whether general health service managers exercise administrative authority over vertical programmes. OBJECTIVE To measure the extent to which general health service (horizontal) managers, exercise authority over...

Natural convection heat transfer in a square enclosure with a horizontal baffle at the centerline of the left wall containing Al2O3-water in the presence of a magnetic field is investigated numerically. The top and bottom horizontal walls are adiabatic. The left wall and the baffle are maintained in constant temperature Th and the right wall is maintained in...

Multiphase flows are commonly encountered in oil and gas industries. The transport of multiphase flow causes the formation of slug, the increase of pressure drop and the possibility of phase changes therefore, a set of simulation runs was performed to predict flow regimes in a horizontal pipeline, and the results were compared with the Baker chart. The effects of small downward inclinations of ...

Horizontal pursuit eye movements were investigated in two separate groups of children: One group exhibited developmental co-ordination disorder (n = 8) whilst another group of children were born prematurely (n = 8). Both studies found a reduced gain in pursuit eye movements when the respective populations were compared with control groups (n = 32). A difference was also found in the ability of ...

BACKGROUND This randomized controlled trial compared the diagnostic accuracy of the sonographic assessment of cervical length and clinical digital examination of the cervix in the second trimester regarding the prediction of preterm delivery in a low-risk population. METHODS In total, 282 unselected, asymptomatic women with singleton pregnancy randomly underwent sonographic cervical length me...