Introduction Breaking of surgical drain during the removal and retention of broken drain fragment is an avoidable complication. Such a complication brings disrepute to the operating team and causes psychological as well as further surgical trauma to the patient as a return to the operating room is required many a times to remove the retained drain fragment. Case Report We report a case of an ...

TECHNIQUE After drain insertion, a horizontal mattress suture is placed. A simple knot is placed distally half way along the two free ends. The two threads are wrapped tightly together the same way around the tube up to the level of the knot. The free ends of the knot are then passed proximally under the loop of the skin suture (Fig 1). The suture is pulled fi rmly, and the free ends are separa...

Clogging of subsurface flow (SSF) treatment wetlands due to excess biofilm growth is a design problem for which only empirical guidelines exist. A method is proposed to systematically analyze this type of clogging as a design tool. In recognition of the physical reality that most SSF treatment wetland processes are a function of biofilm surface area, a Damköhler number (Da) definition based on ...

We compared the outcome of children with empyema managed either through thoracotomy with pleural debridment, conventional stiff chest drain, or pigtail chest drain. Compared to conventional drain, children who received either thoracotomy or pigtail catheters had a significantly decreased period of drain in situ, were afebrile earlier, were clinically improved earlier, and were discharged earlier.

This study describes the dependence of the surface electric field to the junction depth of source/drain-extension, and the suppression of gate induced drain leakage (GIDL) in fully depleted shallow junction gate-overlapped source/drain-extension (SDE). The GIDL can be reduced by reducing shallow junction depth of drain-extension. Total space charges are a function of junction depth in fully dep...

In this study, the analytical modeling of one-dimensional consolidation by vertical drains with vacuum preloading considering both vertical and horizontal drainage is presented. In this method, the total degree of consolidation based on excess pore water pressure dissipation is related to the time factor (Th), drain configuration and anisotropic soil permeability. The analytical predictions are...

Drain vortices are among the most common observed in everyday life, yet their physics is complex due to competition of vorticity's transport and diffusion, presence viscous layers a free surface. Recently, it has become possible study experimentally drain superfluid liquid helium, fluid which simplified by absence viscosity quantisation circulation. Using Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we make simp...

OBJECTIVES This paper sought to determine if there were an association between drain placement and the incidence of wound complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-center institutional review board-approved retrospective study between 2001 to 2008, comparing 680 kidney transplant patients who either had a drain placed or were left undrained. Linear regression modeling was used to adjust t...