let a be a banach algebra and e be a banach a-bimodule then s = a  e, the l1-direct sum of a and e becomes a module extension banach algebra when equipped with the algebras product (a; x):(a′; x′) = (aa′; a:x′ + x:a′). in this paper, we investigate △-amenability for these banach algebras and we show that for discrete inverse semigroup s with the set of idempotents es, the module extension bana...

Bellows are special structures that require high strength as well as good flexibility. The design, manufacture, and analysis of bellow tubes thus are more complicated. Test of bellows to understand their mechanical behavior, and to verify a design purpose finite element program is needed for practical use. In this paper, digital-image-correlation method is applied to measure the stiffness of si...

This paper presents results of testing twelve hollow square reinforced concrete specimens wrapped with Carbon fibre reinforced polymer CFRP. The effect of ply configuration on the behaviour of the specimens is investigated. All specimens were 800mm high and had the dimensions of 200mm× 200mm in cross-section and a hollow core of 80mm× 80mm. The specimens were divided into four groups with three...

Lexical information can bias categorization of an ambiguous phoneme and subsequently evoke a shift in the phonetic boundary. Here, we explored the extent to which this phenomenon is perceptual in nature. Listeners were asked to ignore auditory stimuli presented in a typical oddball sequence in which the standard was an ambiguous sound halfway between /t/ and /p/ embedded in a Dutch word normall...

In this study, the longitudinal and hoop tensile strengths of an industrial ±55° Glass Reinforced Epoxy (GRE) pipe with eighteen layers as well as the associated failure mechanisms are determined. To obtain the longitudinal and hoop tensile strengths values, three specimens are cut from the studied GRE pipe in each direction. A comparison is done between both the strength values, and the fractu...

The complications of impaction bone grafting in revision hip replacement includes fracture of the femur and subsidence of the prosthesis. In this in vitro study we aimed to investigate whether the use of vibration, combined with a perforated tamp during the compaction of morsellised allograft would reduce peak loads and hoop strains in the femur as a surrogate marker of the risk of fracture and...

In this paper, our aim was making a metric space on hoop algebras, because of that, we introduced the notion valuation maps from F-quasi-valuation map based hoops and related properties them are investigated. By using these notions, quasi-metric space. The continuity operations is studied with topology induced by quasi-valuation. Also, homomorphism investigated that under which condition an map...

in this paper, two api x70 steel pipes (with spiral seam weld) of 56 inch outside diameter and 0.780 inch wall thickness were girth welded first. next, hole drilling tests were conducted for strain measurement on the surfaces of the pipes. the values of residual stresses on the internal and external surfaces of the pipe were determined, from strain data using astm 837 standard. the experimental...

We have argued that magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in an accretion disk naturally produces hoop-stresses, and that in a geometrically-thick flow these stresses could both drive and collimate an outflow. We based this argument on an analogy of turbulent MHD fluids to viscoelastic fluids, in which azimuthal shear flow creates hoop-stresses that cause a variety of flow phenomena, including t...

We investigate the validity of Thorne’s hoop conjecture in non-axisymmetric spacetimes by examining the formation of apparent horizons numerically. If spaces have a discrete symmetry about one axis, we can specify the boundary conditions to determine an apparent horizon even in non-axisymmetric spaces. We implement, for the first time, the “hoop finder” in non-axisymmetric spaces with a discret...