A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with a two-dimensional photonic crystal ~PC! structure has been investigated for single lateral mode operation. The PC confined mode can be controlled by the lattice constant, the hole diameter, the etching depth, and the defect structure. A seven-point defect structure is proposed to enhance the confinement effect, which is diluted by finite hole depth ...

Based on a recent formulation of the V-parameter of a photonic crystal fiber we provide numerically based empirical expressions for this quantity only dependent on the two structural parameters - the air hole diameter and the hole-to-hole center spacing. Based on the unique relation between the V-parameter and the equivalent mode field radius we identify how the parameter space for these fibers...

In this paper a highly polarization maintaining birefringent photonic crystal fiber at telecommunication window is reported via Full-Vectorial Finite Element Method (FV-FEM). By taking triangular lattice of three ring hexagonal structure PCF with suitable designing parameters such as symmetrical elliptical hole along radial axis of ellipticity a/b=5μm, air hole diameter d=1μm and pitch Λ=2.3μm,...

BACKGROUND To compare early visual and anatomical outcomes after either sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) or perfluoropropane (C3F8) tamponade for macular hole repair. METHODS 147 eyes affected by primary full-thickness macular hole underwent pars plana vitrectomy with dye assisted removal of the internal limiting membrane and gas tamponade. Prone position was prescribed for 48 h after surgery. All p...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the risks and benefits of autologous serum as an adjuvant therapy in macular hole surgery for stage 3 or 4 macular holes. METHODS Comparison of 2 consecutive (nonrandomized) cohorts using standardized methods for the determination of hole size and for surgical procedures, and using the same study surgeons. The serum cohort consisted of 106 eyes using autologo...

Artificial bone materials that exhibit high biocompatibility have been developed and are being widely used for bone tissue regeneration. However, there are no biomaterials that are minimally invasive and safe. In a previous study, we succeeded in developing honeycomb β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) which has through-and-through holes and is able to mimic the bone microenvironment for bone tissue...

In this paper, the scattering of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) into photons at holes is investigated. A local, electrically excited source of SPPs using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) produces an outgoing circular plasmon wave on a thick (200 nm) gold film on glass containing holes of 250, 500 and 1000 nm diameter. Fourier plane images of the photons from hole-scattered plasmons show...

0026-2714/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2012.09.014 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +353 214904142. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (P. tyndall.ie (A. Mathewson), [email protected] (W.M.D 1 Tel.: +353 214904142. 2 Tel.: +353 214902213. Sensor interconnection achieved with Flip Chip (FC) technology and most particularly with Anisotropic Cond...