—Named Data Networking (NDN) is a new design of network architecture and becomes the leading trend of network architecture because of its packet carries the Name of data, it does not carry the information of a source or a destination address, such an IP address packet. In a network routing, a NDN network has an adaptive forwarding mechanism. A NDN router determines packets immediately which pa...

This paper introduces the compelled certificate creation attack, in which government agencies may compel a certificate authority to issue false SSL certificates that can be used by intelligence agencies to covertly intercept and hijack individuals’ secure Web-based communications. Although we do not have direct evidence that this form of active surveillance is taking place in the wild, we show ...