The pedestal or dipper effect is the large improvement in the detectability of a sinusoidal grating observed when it is added to a masking or pedestal grating of the same spatial frequency, orientation, and phase. We measured the pedestal effect in both broadband and notched noise-noise from which a 1.5-octave band centered on the signal frequency had been removed. Although the pedestal effect ...

We consider a model for the injection-locked frequency divider, and study analytically the locking onto rational multiples of the driving frequency. We provide explicit formulae for the width of the plateaux appearing in the devil’s staircase structure of the lockings, and in particular show that the largest plateaux correspond to even integer values for the ratio of the frequency of the drivin...

This paper presents a hybrid sensorless control for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for zero-, low-, and high-speed regions. Many sensorless control methods such as an observer-based estimator have been introduced. However, most of the observerbased estimators have a disadvantage at start-up and in the low-speed region. To solve this problem, a simple strategy of using a ...

Phase locked loop (PLL) is a control system that generates a signal having a fixed relation with the phase of a reference signal. This system responds to both frequency and phase of the input signals, automatically raising or lowering the frequency of a controlled oscillator until it is matched to the reference in both frequency and phase. The performance of PLL is primarily dependent on the lo...

How quickly can a listener focus on a single tonal cue that indicates the frequency of an upcoming signal? Initial measurements were made with frequency uncertainty (signal frequency varies randomly from trial to trial) and with certainty (same frequency on all trials). Measured by a yes-no procedure, thresholds for 40- and 20-ms signals presented in continuous broadband noise at 50 dB SPL were...

Numerous studies have been conducted to delineate the early development of different functional networks, based on measuring the temporal synchronization of spontaneous blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signals acquired using resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI). However, little attention has been paid to the change of the frequency properties of these signals during early brain develop...

A measurement technique [1] is presented that allows measurement of MOSFET low frequency (LF) noise under large signal RF (Radio Frequency) excitation. Measurements indicate that MOSFETS exhibit a reduction in LF noise when they are cycled from inversion to accummulation and that this reduction does not depend on the frequency of excitation for excitation frequencies of up to 3 GHz. The measure...

This paper proposes a 60GHz quadrature PLL frequency synthesizer that has a tuning range capable of covering the whole band specified by the IEEE802.15.3c with exceptional phase noise. The synthesizer is constructed using a 20GHz PLL that is coupled with a frequency tripler to generate the 60GHz signal. The 20GHz PLL generates a signal with a phase noise as low as −106dBc/Hz using tail feedback...

Aiming at resolving the limitation of speed regulation range sensorless control technology, a new composite strategy is proposed to realize method for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in full range. In medium- and high-speed range, improved sliding mode observer used estimate rotor position information. zero low order avoid defects method, rotating high-frequency voltage signal injecti...

in exploration seismology quality factor is widely used as a seismic attribute to identify anomalies related to attenuation, especially those caused by hydrocarbon. previous studies have indicated that seismic energy loss known as attenuation is greater for high frequency components of seismic data compared to the low frequency components. here the continuous wavelet transform is used to study ...