The presence of the two "large" surface proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV), P39 and GP42 of pre-S1-hepatitis B surface antigen, was assayed in the serum of an experimentally infected chimpanzee by using antibodies to a pre-S1-specific fusion protein synthesized in Escherichia coli. The immune response to pre-S1-hepatitis B surface antigen was monitored by using the pre-S1 fusion protein as an ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in a group of HIV infected patients, followed at a single institution since 1996. 1,693 HIV positive patients (1,162 male, 531 female) were tested for HBV infection. Virological markers for HBV included HBsAg and total anti-HBc by ELISA. 1,457 patients (1,009 male, 448 female) were tested for HCV infection. ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibodies in HIV-exposed and/or HIV-infected children and adolescents. METHODS Between September 1996 and August 2002, 352 patients (200 exposed, but not HIV-infected and 152 HIV exposed and infected) were included in this study. These children and adolescents (age ranged between 1 and 14 years) were all followed up at the Pediatric A...

BACKGROUND Unsafe injection practices are common in developing nations. Such practices, through contaminated needles and syringes, place injection recipient, healthcare workers and the community at large at risk of infection with blood borne viruses. AIM An attempt was made to briefly describe an acute hepatitis outbreak that occurred in Gujarat, India, due to unsafe injection practices with ...

Introduction: Anti-HBs (Anti HepatitisLBLsurface) is an antibodyLto hepatitisLB that arises from the administration of hepatitis B vaccine. Hospital employees areLat high riskLof contracting virus, because they often have direct contact with patients, body fluids and medical equipment infected. ThisLstudy aims to determine presence antibodies in Ciamis after three years vaccination. Method: use...

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an etiological agent of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a life-threatening disease that affects the liver. The clinical outcomes of the disease are varied from asymptomatic disease to serious complication such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite availability of the vaccine and appropriate treatment, hepatitis B infection still remains a majo...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies in Sanaa, and other governorates of Yemen. METHODS By systematic review with meta-analysis we collected the research performed in different governorates of Yemen during the period 2000--2005. This included the published papers (peer reviewed), and the papers presented at Yemeni...