In this postmarketing study 9657 patients (5181 children) with bronchitis (acute or chronic bronchial inflammatory disease) were treated with a syrup containing dried ivy leaf extract. After 7 days of therapy, 95% of the patients showed improvement or healing of their symptoms. The safety of the therapy was very good with an overall incidence of adverse events of 2.1% (mainly gastrointestinal d...

The rate of ice formation was measured for Hedera helix L. cv. Thorndale (English ivy) bark exposed to -10 C. The cooling rate of bark exposed to -10 C was 31 C per minute. The water efflux rate required for ice formation to occur extracellularly was calculated from the rate of ice formation and the average cell diameter. The water potential difference driving the efflux of water to sites of ex...

Root climbers such as English ivy (Hedera helix) rely on specialized adventitious roots for attachment, enabling the plants to climb on a wide range of natural and artificial substrates. Despite their importance for the climbing habit, the biomechanical properties of these specialized adventitious roots compared with standard roots and their performance in the attachment to different host speci...

It has been much disputed whether seasonal variations in proteins or in sugars are better related to cold hardiness changes in certain over-wintering plants (for example, 1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 14). But proteins have been difficult to study, since they are not easily extracted from such plants as our native winter-hardy trees. This is because such proteins are often precipitated by vacuolar substances...

A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of asperosaponin VI in beagle dog plasma using glycyrrhizic acid as the internal standard (IS). Plasma samples were simply pretreated with methanol for deproteinization. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Hedera ODS-2 column using mobile phase ...

This paper proposes a hunger relief network based on crypto-currency and hybrid mix of centralized decentralized databases which is totally formed by the volunteers donors out control organizations. The part database maintains non-sensitive information with less need to security features, mainly providing motivative for giving feedback know that how their gifts were spent. design third-generati...