Introduction: Endoscopic repair is considered the treatment of choice in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. The aim of our study was to analyze the etiopathogenesis of CSF rhinorrhea, the outcome of treatment and the causes of failure in a developing-country setting.   Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated with endoscopic repair for CSF rhinorrhea at a tertiary ca...

The concept of zero leak in tractors refers to the achievement a completely sealed hydraulic system, where there is no fluid leakage from any components. This can be accomplished by using high-quality seals, ensuring proper installation and maintenance, incorporating advanced technology. benefits include increased efficiency, reduced environmental impact, reduce customer complaints improved saf...

A finite-time generic model to describe the behavior of real refrigeration systems is discussed. The model accounts for finite heat transfer rates, heat leaks, and friction as different sources of dissipation. The performance characteristics are cast in terms of cooling rate (r) versus coefficient of performance (w). For comparison purposes, various types of refrigeration/heat pump systems are ...

Deoxygenation-induced red blood cell (RBC) sickling probably activates multiple cation leak pathways. In an attempt to model this, we examined the net passive K efflux ("K leak") from normal and sickle RBCs undergoing elliptical deformation in hypotonic media (200 mOsmol/L). This hypotonic deformation activates two deformation-dependent K leak pathways that are not detectable during the balance...

in this research an algorithm based on monte carlo simulation is introduced to assess the risk of fire following earthquake in residential, industrial, educational, and governmental land-uses in district no. 20 of tehran. the proposed algorithm consist of different modules including hazard analysis, vulnerability assessment, leak and break analysis of damaged pipeline, ignition probability anal...

background developing controlled hypercarbia is a known scheme of lowering the suprasellar part of the adenoma in order to assist the surgeon, which acts through raising the icp and therefore the csf pressure. objectives the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of introducing a lumbar drain with that of controlled hypercapnia on the quality of transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: LPP: Leak Point Pressure; DLPP: Detrusor Leak Point Pressure; ALPP: Abdominal Leak Point Pressure; SLPP: Stress Leak Point Pressure; VLPP: Valsalva Leak Point Pressure; CLPP: Cough Leak Point Pressure; SUI: Stress Urinary Incontinence; UDS: Urodynamic Study; ISD: Intrinsic Sphincter Dysfunction; IUS: Internal Urethral Sphincter, EUS: ...

landfill is the major method of solid waste disposal in developing countries. to protect soil andgroundwater from contamination, anti-seepage systems have to be installed in landfills. however, during theconstruction of anti-seepage system, many factors can result in holes in geomembrane liners. for the purpose of improving construction quality, the construction company needs to find the leaks ...