background: several studies are available on the lifestyle, psychological and mental health of the elderly adults. this study aimed to compare the spiritual well-being and happiness in the elderly who lived in sanitariums with those lived in the community. methods: a comparative study was conducted on 384 elderly adults. a census sampling was used in sanitariums and a convenience sampling was p...

abstracts   a study of richard dawkins’s cumulative argument with emphasis on keith wards’ views ‘abdul rasool kashfi ali reza farrokhi balajaddeh some scholars of natural sciences, including richard dawkins, believe that material world is “self-explanatory” in the process of nature formation and creation of living creatures and that natural selection which is a cumulative process can alone exp...

BACKGROUND Mental health disorders are major contributors to the global burden of disease and their inverse relationship with physical activity is widely accepted. However, research on the association between physical activity and positive mental health outcomes is limited. Happiness is an example of a positive construct of mental health that may be promoted by physical activity and could incre...

The economic and psychological literature on the determinants of happiness is notable for its inability to confirm a strong relation between material prosperity and happiness. In addition, the empirical work relies primarily on analysis of surveys. Another way to test the determinants of happiness is to investigate migration patterns between jurisdictions where conditions differ. This paper ana...

We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the separability of mixed states. As a result we obtain a simple criterion of the separability for 2 x 2 and 2 x 3 systems. Here, the positivity of the partial transposition of a state is necessary and sufficient for its separability. However, this is not the case in general. Some examples of mixtures which demonstrate the utility of the criter...

Al-Ghazali's book entitled The Alchemy of Happiness describes happiness. It often becomes a reference behavior mysticism and psychology, especially Islamic psychology. However, there are no studies that specifically examine this book. This study analyzes al-Ghazali's concept happiness in Happiness. research data sources consist literature having as their main references. researcher uses the con...

Freud's allusion to the goal of analysis as that of transforming neurotic misery into common unhappiness implies that the outcome of treatment is not concerned with happiness but with the reduction of suffering. In fact, there is no single standard for happiness but many, some of which bear Freud's thesis out whereas others contradict it. The author examines Freud's views about happiness and co...