OBJECTIVE To quantify the association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, efflux capacity, and inflammatory markers at baseline and the effect of supervised exercise on these HDL parameters in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS The study to improve leg circulation (SILC) was a randomized trial of supervised treadmill exercise, leg resistance training, or c...

High hepatic lipase (HL) activity is associated with an atherogenic lipoprotein profile of small, dense LDL particles and lower HDL2-C. Intra-abdominal fat (IAF) is positively associated with HL activity. A hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) promoter variant (G3A) is associated with lower HL activity, higher HDL2-C, and less dense LDL particles. To determine whether the LIPC promoter polymorphism acts ...

Diet-induced changes in high density lipoprotein (HDL) density and size were studied in patas monkeys. When the animals were switched from a moderate fat-low cholesterol diet to a high fat-high cholesterol (HFHC) diet, the plasma apoA-I levels increased initially in all of the animals. The apoA-I levels remained elevated in monkeys able to maintain their plasma cholesterol concentrations near b...

AIM To investigate the possible effects of thyroid hormones on the lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) serum concentration. METHODS Eleven patients with hyperthyroidism (Grave's disease), 18 patients with hypothyroidism and low Lp(a) (Hashimoto's disease), and 13 patients with hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's disease) and elevated Lp(a) were examined before and after thyroid hormone normalization. The measure...

HDL subclasses detection, in cardiovascular risk, has been limited due to the time-consuming nature of current techniques. We have developed a time-saving and reliable separation of the principal HDL subclasses employing iodixanol density gradient ultracentrifugation (IxDGUC) combined with digital photography. HDL subclasses were separated in 2.5 h from prestained plasma on a three-step iodixan...

To determine whether rigorous insulin therapy, which normalized the routinely measured plasma lipids, also reversed qualitative abnormalities in the composition of lipoproteins in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we studied 18 NIDDM patients (eight men and 10 women) before and 2 months after intensive insulin therapy. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels (11.7% vs. 8.7%), plasma trigly...

Plasma levels of total high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and its subfractions (HDL2 and HDL3) were measured in 366 healthy Caucasian males; these values were related to a number of coronary risk factors. On univariate statistical analysis, total HDL was negatively correlated with cigarette consumption, body mass index, and serum triglycerides, and positively associated with level of ph...

Plasma triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins are related to high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Two major hypotheses on the role of HDL in the development of CAD have been proposed: a 'causalist' view assigns a protective effect against atherosclerosis to HDL and a 'non-causalist' view states that HDL do not interfere directly with development of ...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor of CVD. The effects of purified sardine proteins (SP) were examined on glycaemia, insulin sensitivity and reverse cholesterol transport in T2D rats. Rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 5 weeks, and injected with a low dose of streptozotocin, were used. The diabetic rats were divided into four groups, and they were fed casein (CAS) or SP combined with ...

We investigated dietary effects on pleiotropic relationships among 3 HDL cholesterol (C) subfractions (HDL1-C, HDL2-C, and HDL3-C; levels quantified by gradient gel electrophoresis) for 942 pedigreed baboons (Papio hamadryas) who were fed a basal (Chow) diet and a high cholesterol, saturated fat (HCSF) challenge diet. Using multivariate maximum likelihood methods we estimated heritabilities for...